Dose- and size-dependent effects of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on bull sperm cryopreservation

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dc.contributor.authorOzturk, Ali Erdem
dc.contributor.authorDadi, Seyma
dc.contributor.authorBodu, Mustafa
dc.contributor.authorKorkmaz, Oya
dc.contributor.authorAtay, Yunus Emre
dc.contributor.authorSariozkan, Serpil
dc.contributor.authorOcsoy, Ismail
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-19T06:40:00Z
dc.date.available2026-06-19T06:40:00Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentMalatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractFe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) are widely used in health sciences, including reproductive biotechnology. In reproductive systems, they have been applied in sperm cryopreservation, nano-purification, drug delivery, and toxicity assessments. However, most studies have evaluated Fe3O4 NPs at only a single size and dose, even though their biological effects may vary with size-dependent characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how magnetic Fe3O4 NPs of different sizes and concentrations influence the cryopreservation of bull sperm. Initially Fe3O4 NPs with three sizes (similar to 6, similar to 20, and similar to 80 nm) were synthesized, and two concentrations (10 and 50 mu g/mL) were added to diluted semen samples, supplemented with a commercial extender and cryopreserved. The findings showed that 6 nm Fe3O4 NPs maintained total and progressive motility at levels similar to the control group at both doses, whereas a reduction in both motility parameters was observed only in the Fe20-10 group. No statistically significant differences were found in kinematic parameters, acrosomal, or plasma membrane integrity. Conversely, the 50 mu g/mL doses of the 20 and 80 nm groups decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Chromatin condensation improved in all experimental groups compared to the control, which correlates with reduced DNA damage across nanoparticle (NP) treatments. Zeta potential measurements demonstrated that surface charge varied with particle size, and microscopic evaluations revealed the accumulation of positively charged Fe3O4 NPs in the head region. Overall, this study showed that Fe3O4 NPs exhibit distinct size-dependent characteristics, underscoring the importance of preliminary trials to determine the optimal NP size for spermatological applications.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [123O073]
dc.description.sponsorshipThe Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK, Project Code: 123O073) supported this study.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105588
dc.identifier.issn0011-2240
dc.identifier.issn1090-2392
dc.identifier.pmid41713301
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105030143201
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105588
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12899/5909
dc.identifier.volume122
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001697305200001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAcademic Press Inc Elsevier Science
dc.relation.ispartofCryobiology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260612
dc.subjectMagnetic
dc.subjectNanoparticle
dc.subjectBull
dc.subjectSperm
dc.subjectFreezing
dc.titleDose- and size-dependent effects of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on bull sperm cryopreservation
dc.typeArticle

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