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Öğe The Cytotoxicity, DNA Fragmentation, and Decreasing Velocity Induced By Chromium(III) Oxide on Rainbow Trout Spermatozoa(Springer, 2022) Özgür, Mustafa Erkan; Ulu, Ahmet; Gürses, Canbolat; Özcan, İmren; Samir Abbas Ali, Noma; Köytepe, Süleyman; Ateş, BurhanThe present study aimed to determine the cytotoxicity of chromium(III) oxide micro particles (Cr2O3-Ps) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) spermatozoa. Firstly, Cr2O3-Ps were synthesized and structurally characterized the surface, morphological for particle size and thermal properties. In addition, its structural and elemental purity was determined using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum and elemental maps. Structural purity, thermal properties, and stability of Cr2O3-Ps were also examined in detail by performing thermal analysis techniques. The cytotoxicity of Cr2O3-Ps was measured by the observation of velocities, antioxidant activities, and DNA damages in rainbow trout spermatozoa after exposure during 3 h in vitro incubation. The straight line velocity (VSL), the curvilinear velocity (VCL), and the angular path velocity (VAP) of spermatozoa decreased after exposure to Cr2O3-Ps. While the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the catalase (CAT) decreased, the lipid peroxidation increased in a dose-dependent manner. However, the total glutathione (tGSH) was not affected in this period. DNA damages were also determined in spermatozoa using Comet assay. According to DNA in tail (%) data, DNA damages have been detected with gradually increasing concentrations of Cr2O3-Ps. Furthermore, all of class types which are categorized as the intensity of DNA fragmentation has been observed between 50 and 500 µg/L concentrations of Cr2O3-Ps exposed to rainbow trout spermatozoa. At the end of this study, we determined that the effective concentrations (EC50) were 76.67 µg/L for VSL and 87.77 µg/L for VCL. Finally, these results about Cr2O3-Ps may say to be major risk concentrations over 70 µg/L for fish reproduction in aquatic environments.Öğe The in vitro toxicity of atrazine on kinematics and DNA fragmentation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) sperm cells(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 2019) Özgür, Mustafa ErkanThis study investigated the in vitro effects of different concentrations of Atrazine (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 mg/L) added to motile and immotile solutions on kinematics quality of sperm cells of common carp, Cyprinus carpio, which is a fish of economic significance. The kinematics of the sperm cells was analyzed by a computer-assisted sperm analysis system (CASA). As a result of the study, while there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the groups in terms of the VSL (?m/s) and VCL (?m/s) values after the Atrazine-added immotile solution's (IMS) and incubation for 3 hours, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in only the VSL values directly activated by the Atrazine-added motile solution (MS). DNA fragmentation was evident but not in higher numbers in the 0.1 mg/L atrazine group. Finally, it was determined the effective concentration (EC50) values of the VSL value of the motile and immotile solution as 0.34 mg/L and 0.03 mg/L, respectively.Öğe An investigation of histopathological changes and bioaccumulation in tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to dodine(Taylor & Francis, 2020) Büyüksoylu, Semih; Özgür, Mustafa Erkan; Gül, Cemile Ceren; Taşlıdere, Aslı Çetin; Aydemir, Songül; Erdoǧan, SelimThe purpose of this research is to determine ecotoxicological effects of dodine (n-dodecylguanidini acetate) on aquatic environments. Though dodine is widely used as a fungicide in agriculture, but there is no much data about its ecotoxicology. In this regard, we investigated bioaccumulation levels and histological alterations on the tissues of muscle, liver and gills in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) against different doses (0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1?mg/L) of Dodine exposure. The tissues of fish were extracted according to QUECHERS method and analyzed by mass spectrometer (LC-MS-MS). Neither of the applied dodine doses resulted in killing 50% of the total individuals in the experimental groups. However, 48?hours after doses, behaviors such as instability, anomaly in swimming or sudden jumping movements were observed. Histological results of the study showed deteriorations of the radiological pattern of hepatocytes, sinusoidal dilatations, hemorrhages, edemas, mononuclear cell infiltrations, vascular congestions, hyperplasia and hypertrophy in liver, gill and muscle tissues. Accumulation of dodine in tissues correlated with increase of dose. The maximum level of active substance accumulation in tissues were measured 96?hours after application of 1?mg/L dodine dose -in order- in gills, muscles and liver. The accumulations were statistically significant (p?Öğe Investigation of toxic effects of amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles on motility and oxidative stress markers in rainbow trout sperm cells(Springer, 2019) Özgür, Mustafa Erkan; Ulu, Ahmet; Özcan, İmren; Balcıoğlu, Sevgi; Ateş, Burhan; Köytepe, SüleymanIn this study, we investigated the effects of SiO2 nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) (1, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L) for 24 h in vitro on the motility parameters and oxidative stress markers such as total glutathione (TGSH), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss sperm cells. Therefore, SiO2-NPs were synthesized with sol-gel reaction from tetraethoxy orthosilicate (TEOS). The prepared nanoparticle structures were characterized for chemical structure, morphology and thermal behavior employing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron micrograph, and thermal analysis (DTA/TGA/DSC) techniques. After exposure, there was statistically significant (pÖğe Melatonin protects sperm cells of Capoeta trutta from toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles(Springer, 2020) Özgür, Mustafa Erkan; Ulu, Ahmet; Noma, Samir Abbas Ali; Özcan, İmren; Balcıoğlu, Sevgi; Ateş, Burhan; Köytepe, SüleymanIn this study, it was aimed to determine the protective effects of melatonin (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mM) against 10 mg/L titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) on kinematic and oxidative indices in the sperm cells of Capoeta trutta. Therefore, TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized primarily within the scope of the study. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by structurally different techniques. Then, melatonin and TiO2 were applied to Capoeta trutta sperm cells by in vitro. According to our data, all doses of melatonin showed protective effects on all velocities of sperm cells such as the straight line velocity (VSL), the curvilinear velocity (VCL), and the angular path velocity (VAP) against TiO2-NPs, while 0.1 and 1 mM doses of melatonin improved the VSL value. Although TiO2-NPs increased total glutathione (tGSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) lipid peroxidation, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared to the control group, there were positive treatment effects for all doses of melatonin on antioxidant capacity of sperm cells. At the end of this research, it is suggested that over 0.1 mM dose of melatonin improves the velocity of sperm cells and it plays a protective role against the toxic effects of TiO2-NPs.Öğe Mid-autumn spermiation in outdoor-cultured pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) using different gonadoliberin application strategies(Elsevier, 2021) Özgür, Mustafa Erkan; Erdoğan, Selim; Rašković, Božidar; Fazekasd, Georgina; Ljubobratovićd, UrošThis study aimed to find the optimal strategy for the application of salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (sGnRHa) in outdoor-cultured pikeperch males in an exceptionally early term in early November. According to the histological examination, on the day of hormonal treatment, pikeperch testes were in the late stadium of spermatogenesis, with 78.7% of germ cells attributed to sperm cells. Five experimental groups were established varying on hormonal preparations and water temperature: (1) sGnRHa (25 ?g kg?1) was applied to fish at pre-warming at water temperature of 11 °C (GnRH-LOW); (2) sGnRHa (25 ?g kg?1) was applied to fish post-warming at water temperature of 15 °C (GnRH-HIGH); (3) priming group (5 ?g kg?1 at 11 °C +25 ?g kg?1 at 15 °C); (4) reference group – fish were injected with human chorionic gonadotropin; (5) control group - fish were injected with saline solution. Sperm was obtained from all fish in hormonally treated groups, whereas the fish treated with saline did not spermiate. The greatest values of the straight-line velocity (VSL), the curvilinear velocity (VCL), and the angular path velocity (VAP) of sperm cells, as well as the amounts of Mg2+, K+, and Na+ in the sperm seminal plasma, were obtained in GnRH-HIGH, whereas the GnRH-LOW group yielded the greatest sperm volume. Among the ions in seminal plasma, K+ and Na+ dominated and showed a relationship with sperm kinematic parameters. According to the obtained data, sGnRHa can be considered as an appropriate hormonal preparation to induce spermiation at an early preseason. Either before or after warming, sGnRHa application can yield sperm of proper quantity and quality as early as 5 months before the natural spawning season. A comprehensive study is recommended to evaluate the full period of sperm availability in outdoor-reared males, followed by direct evaluation of the fertilizing capacity.Öğe A novel computer assisted sperm analyzer for assessment of spermatozoa motility in fish; BASA-Sperm Aqua(Tüm Bilim İnsanları ve Akademisyenler Derneği, 2019) Özgür, Mustafa Erkan; Okumuş, Fatih; Kocamaz, Adnan FatihThis study was conducted to determine the working principle and operability of the BASA-Sperm Aqua module software of the newly developed computer-assisted sperm analysis system (BASA) for the evaluation of spermatozoa motility in fish. Semen samples of trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) species were examined for this purpose. Sperm motility parameters such as VSL (?m/s), VCL (?m/s), VAP (?m/s), LIN (%), BCF (Hz), ALH (?m) and MAD (o) were examined. The investigated parameters were compared with data which analyzed in similar computer systems and published in international manuscripts. Finally, the BASA-Sperm Aqua has been found to be a software that performs its functions very quickly and practical and produces accurate and understandable results in the determining sperm quality parameters of fish.Öğe Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Metamizole Metabolites after Intramuscular and Intravenous Administration in Healthy Arabian Horses(Wiley, 2021) Yılmaz, İsmet; Maraş, Zeynep; Uğur, Yılmaz; Özgür, Mustafa Erkan; Durmaz, Murat; Ulusoy, Halil İbrahim; Erdoğan, SelimMetamizole sodium (MT) is an analgesic and antipyretic drug molecule used in humans, horses, cattle, swine, and dogs. Metamizole rapidly hydrolyzes and turns into methylamino antipyrine (MAA), an active primary metabolite of MT. The present study aims to determine the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of MT metabolites after intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration into sex of Arabian horses (Equus ferus caballus) using a cross-over study design. The plasma samples were extracted by solid-phase extraction (SPE) method, and plasma concentrations of MT metabolites were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After administrations of MT, plasma concentrations of methylamino antipyrine (MAA), amino antipyrone (AA), and acetylamino antipyrone (AAA) were determined within range of 15 min-12 h. Plasma concentrations of AA and AAA were lower than the plasma concentrations of major metabolite MAA at each sampling point. The PK parameters were statistically evaluated for MT's metabolites between male and female horses and also between IM and IV administrations of PK parameters such as Cmax , tmax , t1/2?z , AUC0-t , AUC0-? , ?z, Cl and Vss (p < .05). The AUCIM /AUCIV ratio in female and male horses for MAA was 1.19 and 1.13, respectively. The AUCIM /AUCIV ratio for AA was lower than those found for MAA. AUCIM /AUCIV ratio was statistically significantly different between male and female horses for AA (p < .05). According to these results, some PK parameters such as Cmax, AUC, and MRT, MAA and AA concentrations have shown statistically significant differences by MT administrations.Öğe The protective effects of Vitamin C and Trolox on kinematic and oxidative stress indices in rainbow trout sperm cells against flower-like ZnO nanoparticles(Wiley-Blackwell, 2019) Özgür, Mustafa ErkanThis study investigated the protective effects of 1 mM Vitamin C and 1 mM Trolox on kinematic and oxidative stresses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sperm cells against flower-like zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP, 1 mg/L) in vitro, during 2 hr. Trolox showed protective effects on all kinematic parameters measured for sperm cells against ZnO-NPs, whereas Vitamin C only affected angular path velocity (VAP), linearity (LIN) and amplitude of lateral displacement of the sperm cell head (ALH). Although ZnO-NPs reduced total glutathione (TGSH) and catalase (CAT) compared with the control, there were positive treatment effects for both Trolox and Vitamin C on antioxidant capacity. Conversely, while ZnO-NP increased the rate of malondialdehyde (MDA) lipid peroxidation, it decreased following antioxidant therapy. This research suggests that Trolox and Vitamin C play a protective role for rainbow trout sperm exposed to ZnO-NP.Öğe The relationship between semen seminal plasma ions and sperm cell velocities of wild-caught longspine scraper, Capoeta trutta(Copernicus, 2019) Özgür, Mustafa Erkan; Zeynep Maraş; Erdoǧan, SelimIn this study, semen seminal plasma contents and the motility of sperm cells were determined in Capoeta trutta via a computer-assisted sperm analysis system. In addition, we evaluated the relationship between semen seminal plasma ions and the velocities of sperm cells. Although the predominant ions were K (206.84±20.61 mg L-1) and Na (128.06±23.82 mg L-1) in the semen seminal plasma, Ca (14.05±4.13 mg L-1) and Mg (3.35±0.44 mg L-1) were not predominate according to our results. However, partially strong relationships between the curvilinear velocity value (VCL) and K (R2=0.67; p<0.05) were found, while it was moderate with Mg (R2=0.48; p<0.05). There was a weak relationship with Na (R2=0.17; p<0.05) and Ca (R2=0.34; p<0.05). In our results, while the trace metals were determined as Zn> Al> B> Li> Cu in semen seminal plasma, they are not correlated with sperm cell velocities. Finally, we hope that the present information on the motility parameters of Capoeta trutta in this paper will eventually help artificial insemination in reproduction practices.Öğe TOXIC EFFECTS OF GLYPHOSATE AS A HERBICIDE IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT: REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND SPERM QUALITY PARAMETERS(2025) Özgür, Mustafa ErkanGlyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide most commonly used to control weeds worldwide. The widespread use of this herbicide has raised concerns about the risk of transfer to aquatic systems and, therefore, to humans. Because terrestrial organisms and humans can be exposed to herbicides in different ways: These can be through herbicide drift into the environment, through inhalation or dermal contact, or through the use of contaminated food or water. Thus, in this study, the in vitro effects of different doses of glyphosate in the aquatic environment on the reproductive health of fish were studied. The sperm quality parameters of Capoeta trutta in the Upper Euphrates Basin were studied by the computerized sperm analysis system. According to the results, it was decreased statistically significantly (p<0.05) in the sperm quality parameters of Straight Linear Velocity (VSL), Curvilinear Velocity (VCL), and Angular Path Velocity (VAP) compared to the control group at all doses of glyphosate. As a result, the presence of glyphosate in the aquatic environment and its transfer from these water sources to food produced through agricultural activities may pose a serious risk to the reproductive health of both humans and other living creatures, and it may be recommended that more extensive scientific research be conducted in the relevant area.Öğe The toxicity assessment of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles on physical and biochemical quality of rainbow trout spermatozoon(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2018) Özgür, Mustafa Erkan; Ulu, Ahmet; Balcıoğlu, Sevgi; Özcan, İmren; Köytepe, Süleyman; Ateş, BurhanThe aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of different doses (50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/L) of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) at 4 degrees C for 24 h on the kinematics of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792) spermatozoon. Firstly, Fe3O4 NPs were prepared at about 30 nm from Iron (III) chloride, Iron (II) chloride, and NH3 via a co-precipitation synthesis technique. Then, the prepared Fe3O4 NPs were characterized by different instrumental techniques for their chemical structure, purity, morphology, surface properties, and thermal behavior. The size, microstructure, and morphology of the prepared Fe3O4 NPs were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The thermal properties of the Fe3O4 NPs were determined with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis techniques. According to our results, there were statistically significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the velocities of spermatozoon after treatment with 400 mg/L Fe3O4 NPs. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were significant (p < 0.05) decrease after 100 mg/L in after exposure to Fe3O4 NPs in 24 h. As the doses of Fe3O4 NPs increases, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total glutathione (tGSH) significantly (p < 0.05) increased at doses of 400 and 800 mg/L.
