Malatya yöresinde yetiştirilen mahalli 'Karamehmet' elmasında seleksiyonla verimli ve kaliteli klonların seçimi
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Tarih
2019
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ordu Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Elma insan sağlığı ve beslenmesinde önemli olan, her mevsim pazarda bulunabilen, ekonomik, lezzetli ve yaygın şekilde tüketilen bir meyvedir. Ülkemiz elma üretiminde ticari değeri yüksek standart çeşitlerin yanı sıra çok sayıda mahalli çeşitler de yer almaktadır. Bu mahalli çeşitler ıslah çalışmaları için önemli bir genetik kaynak oluşturmaktadır. Malatya ilinde yetiştirilen mahalli Karamehmet elması; eylül ayı başında olgunlaşır. Yeme kalitesi ve albenisi yüksek, ince kabuklu, hoş kokulu, hafif mayhoştatlımsı, gevrek ve suludur. Malatya ilinde 2013- 2017 yılları arasında yürütülen bu çalışmada, farklı genotiplerinin olduğu gözlenen Karamehmet elmasında kaliteli klonların belirlenerek üretime kazandırılması amaçlanmıştır. Alan taramasında yapılan incelemelerde verimli ve sağlıklı olduğu gözlenen 15 klon arazide işaretlenmiştir. İşaretlenen ağaçlardan alınan meyve örneklerinde pomolojik analizler gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen veriler “Tartılı Derecelendirme Metodu” ile değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme sonunda, “Karamehmet” elma çeşidinde 44.KM.02, 44.KM.08 ve 44.KM.15 no’lu klonlar ümitvar bulunmuştur. Ümitvar klonlarda meyve ağırlığı 151.98 g (44.KM.08) ile 205.30 g (44.KM.02), meyve eti sertliği 7.90 kg/cm² (44.KM.02) ile 8.90 kg/cm² (44.KM.15), suda çözünebilir kuru madde (SÇKM) oranı %13.12 (44.KM.02) ile %14.10 (44.KM.15), TEA değeri % 0.70 (44.KM.15) ile %1.12 (44.KM.08), pH değeri ise 2.20 (44.KM.08) ile 3.65 (44.KM.15) arasında değişmiştir. Çalışma sonunda; periyodisite eğilimi göstermeyen, verimli, yeme kalitesi ve albenisi yüksek olduğu belirlenen bu ümitvar klonlar çoğaltılarak Kayısı Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü koleksiyon parseline dikilmiştir.
Apple is a delicious and economic fruit that is important in human health and nutrition, which can be found in every season in the market, and consumed widely. In apple production in our country, in addition to standard varieties with high commercial value, there are also many local varieties. These local varieties constitute an important genetic resource for breeding activities. The local “Karamehmet” apple variety grown in the province of Malatya ripens in early September. The eating quality and attractiveness are high, and it is thin-peel, odiferous, crispy and juicy with mild sour to sweetish taste. In this study, which was carried out between 2013-2017 in Malatya province, it was aimed to introduce them into production by determining high quality clones in the “Karamehmet” apple, which has different genotypes. In the field survey, 15 clones observed to be abundant in fruit and healthy were marked in the field. Pomological analyzes were performed in the fruit samples taken from the marked trees and the data were evaluated with the “Weighted Ranked Method”. At the result of the evaluation, clones of 44.KM.02, 44.KM.08 and 44.KM.15 were determined as hopeful clones in "Karamehmet" apple variety. In the hopeful clones, the average fruit weight was ranged from 151.98 g (44.KM.08) to 205.30 g (44.KM.02), fruit flesh firmness 7.90 kg/cm² (44.KM.02) to 8.90 kg/cm² (44.KM.15), total soluble solids (TSS) 13.12% (44.KM.02) to 14.10% (44.KM.15), titratable acidity 0.70% (44.KM.15) to 1.12% (44.KM.08) and pH 2.20 (44.KM.08) to 3.65 (44.KM.15). At the result of the study, hopeful clones that showed no tendency to periodicity, which is abundant in fruit, the attractiveness and the high eating quality were planted to the collection parcel of Apricot Research Institute.
Apple is a delicious and economic fruit that is important in human health and nutrition, which can be found in every season in the market, and consumed widely. In apple production in our country, in addition to standard varieties with high commercial value, there are also many local varieties. These local varieties constitute an important genetic resource for breeding activities. The local “Karamehmet” apple variety grown in the province of Malatya ripens in early September. The eating quality and attractiveness are high, and it is thin-peel, odiferous, crispy and juicy with mild sour to sweetish taste. In this study, which was carried out between 2013-2017 in Malatya province, it was aimed to introduce them into production by determining high quality clones in the “Karamehmet” apple, which has different genotypes. In the field survey, 15 clones observed to be abundant in fruit and healthy were marked in the field. Pomological analyzes were performed in the fruit samples taken from the marked trees and the data were evaluated with the “Weighted Ranked Method”. At the result of the evaluation, clones of 44.KM.02, 44.KM.08 and 44.KM.15 were determined as hopeful clones in "Karamehmet" apple variety. In the hopeful clones, the average fruit weight was ranged from 151.98 g (44.KM.08) to 205.30 g (44.KM.02), fruit flesh firmness 7.90 kg/cm² (44.KM.02) to 8.90 kg/cm² (44.KM.15), total soluble solids (TSS) 13.12% (44.KM.02) to 14.10% (44.KM.15), titratable acidity 0.70% (44.KM.15) to 1.12% (44.KM.08) and pH 2.20 (44.KM.08) to 3.65 (44.KM.15). At the result of the study, hopeful clones that showed no tendency to periodicity, which is abundant in fruit, the attractiveness and the high eating quality were planted to the collection parcel of Apricot Research Institute.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Elma, Seleksiyon, Yerel Çeşit, Periyodisite
Kaynak
Akademik Ziraat Dergisi = (Academic Journal of Agriculture)
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
8
Sayı
1
Künye
Çöçen, Erdoğan, Macit, Tahir, Ernim, Kokargül, Remzi, Uğur, Yılmaz, Kan, Tuncay & Pırlak, Lütfi. (2019). Malatya yöresinde yetiştirilen mahalli'Karamehmet'elmasında seleksiyonla verimli ve kaliteli klonların seçimi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 8, (1), 13-20.
