Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12899/39

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Evaluation of an intercropping system: lettuce and radish growing in fruit sapling production
(Hasan Önder, 2022) Karlıdağ, Hüseyin; Kutsal, İbrahim Kutalmış; Karaat, Fırat Ege; Küçük, Rabia; Kan, Tuncay
Agricultural production is one of the most negatively affected sectors from increasing population and global warming. Increasing food demand along with narrowing agricultural production areas increased the need for sustainable agricultural approaches where the unit area is better utilized. Intercropping systems are of those approaches based on the principle of growing more than one crop in the same area. In this study it was aimed to analyze the opportunities of increasing land-use efficiency in open field fruit sapling production. For this aim lettuce and radish were grown on the inter-rows of almond, apple, apricot, cherry, and pear sapling growing lines. When compared with control plants, results indicated a slight negative effect of intercropping systems on sapling quality. Vegetable yield and pomological values (except chemical parameters) were lower in the vegetables subjected to intercropping. On the other hand, Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) and Net Economic Profit (NEP) were higher in intercropping lines. LER value varied between 1.86 and 1.97, and NEP value between 3328 and 6962 USD/da. These results indicated that land-use efficiency was increased with the examined intercropping system. As a result of the study notwithstanding the quality and yield loses it was concluded that intercropping of lettuce and radish in fruit sapling production is a beneficial growing application for the mentioned aims.
Bazı organik preparat uygulamalarının Hacıhaliloğlu kayısı çeşidinde meyve dökümü, kalitesi ve verimi üzerine etkileri
(2021) KARLIDAĞ Hüseyin; KUTSAL İbrahim Kutalmış; KARAAT Fırat Ege; KAN Tuncay
Malatya Ovası ülkemizde kayısı tarımının en yoğun yapıldığı alan olup ovada kayısı ağaçları düşük ilkbahar sıcaklıkları ve yüksek yaz sıcaklıkları gibi çeşitli sebeplerle küçük meyve dökümlerine neden olan abiyotik stres faktörleri etkisinde yetiştirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada da söz konusu meyve dökümlerini azaltmak ve aynı zamanda meyve kalitesini iyileştirmek amaçlarıyla bazı organik preparatların etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında, sekiz yaşında olan Hacıhaliloğlu çeşidine ait kayısı ağaçlarında altı farklı organik preparat kontrol uygulaması ile birlikte yapraktan püskürtme şeklinde uygulanmıştır. Uygulamalar çanak yaprakların meyveden ayrıldığı dönemde ve meyve uzunluğunun yaklaşık 7-8 mm olduğu dönemde yapılmış olup yapılan uygulamalar meyve dökümü, verim, pomolojik özellikler, antioksidan aktivitesi ve toplam fenolik bileşik içerikleri üzerine etkisi yönünden karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda yapılan uygulamaların incelenen tüm parametreler üzerinde etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmanın ilk yılında meyve döküm oranı % 1.50 ile 18.35 arasında değişmiş, ikinci yılında % 13.17 ile 26.48 arasında değişmiş, her iki yılda da kontrol uygulaması meyve dökümünün en yüksek seviyede gerçekleştiği uygulama olmuştur. Sonuç olarak çalışma kapsamında uygulanan organik preparatların meyve dökümünü azaltarak verimi artırmak ve aynı zamanda meyve kalitesini iyileştirmek amacıyla kullanılabileceği görülmüştür.
Morphological Characterization Of Sponge Gourd (Luffa Aegyptiaca Mill.) Genotypes From The Eastern Mediterranean Region Of Turkey
(Serbian Genetics Society, 2021) Mavi, Kazım; Gündüz, Kazım; Uzunoğlu, Fulya; Karaat, Fırat Ege
Mavi K., K. Gündüz, F. Uzunoğlu, F. E. Karaat (2021). Morphological characterization of sponge gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca mill.) genotypes from the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey-Genetika, Vol 53, No.3, 1043 - 1064. Having wide range of genetic resources, Hatay is the largest sponge gourd producer of province of Turkey. This study was conducted to determine the status and morphological diversity of the livestock breeding with a field survey in the districts of Hatay Province. As a result of the survey, 34 genotypes were collected that thought to be morphologically different. When the distributions of genotypes were examined, the genotypes were selected from Arsuz (5 genotypes), Defne (7 genotypes), Samandağ (1 genotypes), Antakya (5 genotypes), Dörtyol (6 genotypes), Yayladağı (4 genotypes), Altınözü (4 genotypes), Payas (1 genotypes) and Erzin (1 genotypes). Two genotypes (‘31 AN 03’ and ‘31 AL 04’) from which the seeds did not germinate were extracted from the morphological characterization studies. Thirty-two genotypes selected from Hatay with 3 genotypes obtained from Adana, South Korea, and China in total of 35 genotypes were compared in terms of 49 different morphological characteristics. Variations between the genotypes were not identified for the observations made on these 49 features regarding cotyledon color, stem shape, tendrils, leaf margin, growth habit, sex type and peduncle separation from fruit. As a result of analysis of basic components and cluster analysis based on morphological characterization features, genotypes were included in six different groups. However, the effect of the districts on which genotypes were collected on this grouping could not be determined.
Fruit quality and biochemical characteristics of new early ripening apricots of Turkey
(Springer, 2021) Çuhacı, Çiğdem; Karaat, Fırat Ege; Uğur, Yılmaz; Erdoğan, Selim; Asma, Bayram Murat
In this study, the important fruit quality characteristics of 11 early ripening and promising apricot hybrids and reference cultivars recently developed in Turkey were analyzed. A large variation was observed between the genotypes in terms of fruit size (fruit weight ranged from 34.28 to 72.53 g). The total soluble solids which is one of the significant fruit quality parameters for the table apricots, was found between 10.07 and 18.27% and fruit flesh/kernel rate was between 9.6 and 18.42. Epicatechin, rutin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, epigallocatechin gallate and ?-carotene were found to be the highest bioactive compounds. A large variation was also determined among the genotypes in this regard. ABP-4-23 and ABP-7-12 apricot genotypes were rich with respect to catechin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, rutin and ?-carotene. The highest catachin and epicatechin contents were obtained in ABP-4-23 (176.76 and 517.45 mg/kg, respectively). In terms of ?-carotene ABP-2-24 and ABP-1-18 presented the highest values (127.45 and 119.54 mg/kg, respectively). Fruit weight was found highly and positively correlated with kernel weight and total soluble solids (r?=?0.65 and r?=?0.61, respectively). Fruit weight was also found to be moderately correlated with rutin, quercetin, and ?-carotene, while corrrelations was negative for rutin and ?-carotene. Total acidity was moderately correlated with catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and ?-carotene in positive way.
Effects of Different dB Sound Levels on The Plant Growth, Nutrient Elements Uptake and Essential Oil Yield of Mentha piperita
(Taylor & Francis, 2020) Altuntaş, Özlem; Özkurt, Halil
Common environmental stimuli detected by living things include light, temperature and a variety of chemical signals some of which are closely related to physical-mechanical stimuli. Sound is one of the physical signals affecting plant life and the mechanism whereby plants perceive and react to sound stimuli is not currently well known. Sound waves and therefore sonication, are a form of abiotic stress for plants. Mint (Mentha piperita) is an important crop that produces volatile oils which are used extensively in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products. Mint plants (10-week-old) cv. Granada was planted in four different sound chambers and subjected to different sound conditions. The experiment was carried out for 30 days. In each chamber, spe- cific sound areas were formed by sending signals with different dB levels (95, 100 and 105 decibel (db)) together with the chosen reference value was 1000 Hertz (Hz). Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh and dry root weights and fresh and dry foliage weights were examined to evaluate the effects of different applications. In addition to the morphological data, the plant nutrient elements and essential oil yields were analyzed. Based on the results, plant height varied between 20 and 43 cm and the essential oil yield ranged between 0.76 and 2.17 %. In our study, sound applications at different SPLs affected the growth and nutrient element intake in mint plants negatively; however, at 95 dB, essential oil yields were affected positively.
Physicochemical characteristics of wild and cultivated apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) from Aras valley in Turkey
(Springer, 2020) Gecer, Mustafa Kenan; Kan, Tuncay; Gündoğdu, Muttalip; Ercişli, Sezai; İlhan, Gülce; Sağbaş, Halil İbrahim
In east Anatolia region in Turkey, there are special microclimates, which famous for its fruit production. One of the most important microclimates in the region is Aras valley. The major fruit in the valley is apricot, which grown both cultivated and wild forms. This study aimed to assess some important fruit morphological and biochemical characteristics of 26 wild apricots and cv. Aprikoz grown in Kagizman district in Aras valley. Harvest date, tree growth habit, fruit weight, fruit shape, fruit firmness, fruit color, flesh/seed ratio, aroma, kernel taste, soluble solid content, titratable acidity, maturity index, vitamin C, total phenolic, total carotenoid and antioxidant capacity were determined. The wild grown apricots exhibited a wide variation on most of the fruit morphological and biochemical characteristics. Harvest date, fruit shape, fruit weight, fruit firmness and fruit color were the most distinct morphological characteristics of wild grown apricots. Harvest dates and fruit weight were found between 02 July (KA18) and 06 August (KA13); 16.28 g (KA6) and 33.14 g (KA2) among wild grown apricots, respectively. The main cultivar cv. Aprikoz harvested at 04 July and had 38.67 g fruit weight. The wild apricots had flesh/seed ratio between 8.41 (KA21) and 12.25 (KA10) while cv. Aprikoz had 11.69 flesh/seed ratio. Total antioxidant capacity, total carotenoid and total phenolic content were the highest in most of wild apricot fruits than cv. Aprikoz. Our results showed that there is potential for promoting wild apricot fruit from specific geographical regions because they contained elevated concentrations of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds.
Physical and biochemical fruit quality attributes of pomegranates (Punica granatum l.) as affected by different genotypes and growing systems
(Szent Istvan University, 2021) Karaat, Fırat Ege; Kutsal, İbrahim Kutalmış
Due to its unique taste, high nutritional value and the wide range of uses, pomegranate is an important and popular fruit species. Pomegranate trees are widely cultivated around the world and organic cultivation of the species is a common practice. The more the importance of healthy foods is understood, the more the interest in organic fruits increases. Consequently, there is a need for knowledge of how organic farming influences fruit properties on different genotypes. For that reason, this study was conducted to evaluate and compare the sensorial, physical, and biochemical fruit quality attributes of two pomegranate genotypes (‘Hicaznar’ cultivar and a local commonly grown genotype, called ‘Local’ in this study) were both grown organically and conventionally in Adıyaman province of Turkey. Antioxidant activity ranged from 16.49 (conventional ‘Hicaznar’) to 37.71 (organic ‘Local’) mm Trolox/L, and total sugar between 120.25 (organic ‘Local’) and 152.50 (conventional ‘Hicaznar’) ?g/g. Significant correlations were detected among variables, such as antioxidant activity was found as highly correlated with aril weight and maturity index (r = 0.87 and r = 0.66, respectively), and also with sugar profile but in a negative way. Results indicated the different influence of growing systems on the genotypes and also confirmed the improved health benefits and overall quality of organic crops.
Effect of supplemental irrigation on vetch yield components
(Elsevier, 2019) Doğan, Ergün
The number of cattle in Turkey increased from 10.5 to 14.0 million and similar increases were observed in sheep and goat population since 2001 to date (TUİK, 2016), therefore, increasing the need for the forage crops such as vetch which can easily be fitted to a double cropping farming. In 2016, Turkey produced about 4.5 million ton of vetch as animal feed which ranked third in the world (TUIK, 2016), therefore, is an important animal feed in the country. Herewith, a study was conducted to determine the effect of varying supplemental irrigation rates on Vetch (Vicia villosa L. cv. Selcuk 98) plant vegetative and generative characteristics under semi-arid climatic condition of Harran plain, Sanlıurfa, Turkey. A drip irrigation system with 4?l h?1 was utilized for irrigation treatments included 0, 25, 50, 75, 125% of full irrigation (100%) of which was scheduled based on soil moisture measurements. Full irrigated treatment received 294 and 263?mm in 2008 and 2009, respectively. In general, with elevated irrigation amounts vetch plants vegetative and generative characteristics resulted in statistical difference. Irrigation increased both number of branches and pod per plant values, however, 1000 seed weight values were not statistical affected showing the fact that plants vegetative growth did not lead to more rather less but similar size seeds. On the other hand, both seed yield and above soil biomass values were significantly (p?
Effect of harvest maturity on volatile compounds profiling and eating quality of hawthorn (Crataegus azarolus L.) fruit
(Elsevier, 2021) Dursun, Ahmet; Çalışkan, Oğuzhan; Güler, Zehra; Bayazıt, Safder; Türkmen, Dilek; Gündüz, Kazım
The effect of maturity stage on fruit quality characteristics, sensory attributes and volatile composition was investigated in the most important hawthorn cultivar (Sultan). The fruit skin color was used as the maturity index for the classification of hawthorn considering their maturity stages as immature (green), mature (green-yellow) and over mature (yellow). The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of hawthorn fruit at each maturity stage were analyzed by solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The results indicated that the quality traits of the Sultan cultivar were affected by the maturity stage. From immature to over mature stages, firmness and titratable acidity decreased whereas fruit size (weight, diameter and length), edible fruit ratio, pH and esters (butyl and hexyl hexanoates, hexyl and cis-3-hexenyl acetates) increased in Sultan cultivar. The highest amount of esters along with the occurrence of butyl butanoate was observed in over mature fruit in comparison with immature and mature ones. PCA analysis of volatile organic compounds separated successfully hawthorn fruit according to the maturity stages. The results showed that mature and over mature fruit were more preferred by panelists. Those fruit had the highest level of esters being responsible for strong fruit flavor, along with low pH and low fruit firmness compared to immature ones.
The influence of different ripening stages, harvest and drying methods on quality of unsulfured sun-dried apricots
(Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP), 2020) Çoban, Emrah; Karlıdaǧ, Hüseyin; Kutsal, İbrahim Kutalmış
This study was carried out between 2017 and 2018 to determine physical and chemical influences of two drying methods (drying on wooden fruit drying trays and drying cloths), two harvesting periods (commercial / physiological maturity and late harvest), and two harvesting methods (harvesting by hand and shaking) on dried fruit samples of Hacıhaliloğlu and Kabaaşı cultivars. Titrable acidity, browning level, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity (ABTS), color (L*, a*, b*), pH, humidity and water activity (aw) parameters of dried fruit samples were examined. Results indicated that different harvesting periods, methods and drying methods significantly affected almost all fruit quality parameters. L value was higher in apricots dried on trays than dried on the cloths. L* values of dried apricots ranged from 27,13 to 54,74. Similarly, moisture content and water activity values were also found to be lower in apricots dried on wooden fruit drying trays than dried on clothes. When chemical parameters were examined, it was observed that phenolic compounds and total antioxidant contents decreased with fruit ripening. The effect of the applications on drying efficiency was not determined as significant, on the contrary, the individual weights of the dried apricots harvested at the late period were found significantly higher and the number of dried apricots per kilogram was lower. As a result of the study, it was concluded that in sun-dried apricot production, harvesting at late period and the drying on trays positively affected various quality parameters.
Determination of Nutrition Status of Apple Orchards in Doğanşehir, Malatya
(2019) Karlıdaǧ, Hüseyin; Karaat, Fırat Ege; Kan, Tuncay; Kutsal, İbrahim Kutalmış; Yıldırım, Hakan
In order to determine nutrition status of the apple orchards in Doğanşehir city of Malatya Province, chemical and physical properties of soil samples, and macro and micro nutrient contents of soil and leaf samples collected from the selected orchards from different parts of the city were examined in 2017. Soil samples were collected from two depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm, 1 kg from each depth, in September. Leaf samples, 100 leaves taken from head level of trees representing the related orchard, were collected 11 weeks after full blossom. Results indicated that soil texture, pH and salinity level was appropriate for apple growing, but loam content was generally high and organic matter was poor. Macro and micro nutrients were found adequate in soil samples of most of the orchards, except Mn and Zn. Sampling depth did not affected soil properties in most of the orchards. Almost all of the leaf samples contained adequate amount of N, P, Fe, and Cu, whereas inadequate level of K, Ca, and Zn. N content varied between 0.068% and 0.106% in soil samples, and between 1.78% and 2.68% in leaf samples.
Response of heavy metal contents in apricots to different transportation modes
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie, 2019) Karlıdaǧ, Hüseyin; Turan, Metin; Karaat, Fırat Ege; Özlü, Ekrem; Arriaga, Francisco J.; Kan, Tuncay; Atay, Salih
In order to evaluate the effects of different transportation hubs on cultivated soil and apricots, macro and micro elements and heavy metal contents of fruit, leaf, kernel and soil samples collected from apricot orchards located at the border of the railroad, the motorway, the airport, and an orchard far from transportation modes were detected by ICP/OES (inductively coupled plasma / optical emission spectrometry). The results indicated the highest Cd, Pb and Ni contents of soil, fruit, and kernel samples under impacts of railroad transportation modes, whereas the highest contents of leaf were found under motorway side. All fruit samples contained higher amounts of Cd and Pb compared to permissible limits of FAO/WHO, and contents differentiated between sampling locations. There were no correlative relations found between transportation modes and macro-micro element contents. As a conclusion, in terms of heavy metal contamination, the orchards located at railway sides have the highest risk and this was followed by motorway side.
Bursa siyahı incir çeşidinde yer örtüsü kullanımının erkencilik, verim ve meyve kalite özelliklerine etkileri
(Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü, 2020) Çalışkan, Oğuzhan; Bayazıt, Safder; Gündüz, Kazım; Kılıç, Derya
Bu çalışma, Bursa Siyahı incir çeşidinde yer örtüsü kullanımının erkencilik, verim ve meyve kalitesine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada yer örtüsü olarak polipropilenden üretilen (Jüt) materyal kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında yer örtüsünün erkencilik, ağaç başına verim (kg/ağaç), meyve ağırlığı (g), meyve eni (mm), meyve boyu (mm), meyve boyun uzunluğu (mm), ostiole açıklığı (mm), suda çözünebilir kuru madde içeriği (SÇKM), pH ve asit içeriğine (%) etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, Bursa Siyahı çeşidinde yer örtüsü kullanımının meyve olgunlaşmasında 2-3 günlük erkencilik sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Yer örtüsünün meyve ağırlığı ve meyve eni değerlerini (sırasıyla, 65.29 g ve 49.99 mm) kontrol bitkilerine (sırasıyla, 55.23 g ve 47.19 mm) göre önemli düzeyde arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Meyve suyunun SÇKM, pH ve asit içeriğine yer örtüsü kullanımının etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yer örtüsü kullanımının yabancı ot kontrolü, sulama ve gübreleme tasarrufu yanında Bursa Siyahı çeşidinde erkenci verim ve meyve iriliğinde artış sağladığı tespit edilmiştir.
Optimization and comparison of the effects of vermicompost and conventional fertilization on Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) growth
(Corvinus University of Budapest, 2018) Altuntaş, Özlem; Durak, Alper; Küçük, Rabia
Vermicompost helps soil to retain water, regulate soil temperature and structure, and helps solve the soil's nutrient problem. The aim of our study was to compare chemical fertilization with different rates of vermicompost treatments in terms of growth properties, yield, and nutrient element content of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). We also determined the appropriate rate of vermicompost application for spinach The experiment was repeated in two successive seasons with five treatments in the experiment: (1) control, (2) 1 ton vermicompost/ha, (3) 2 tons vermicompost/ha, (4) 3 tons vermicompost/ha, and (5) chemical fertilization. To assess the effect of the treatments in spinach, soil analysis (soil texture, pH, EC (Electrical Conductivity), percent of calcium carbonate, organic matter, and macro and micro elements), plant height and yield of spinach plants, and plant nutrient element analysis of spinach leaves were performed. Evaluation of the results indicated that vermicompost had positive impacts on the soil and the plant; the best treatment rate was 3 t/ha. This vermicompost application rate resulted in a 149% yield increase compared with the chemical fertilizer treatment.
Farklı rakımlarda yetiştirilen bazı kayısı çeşitleri ile zerdali meyvelerinde fenolik bileşiklerin incelenmesi
(Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, 2019) Kan, Tuncay; Karaat, Fırat Ege
Fitokimyasallar insan sağlığını destekleyen en önemli mikro besleyicilerinden olup; kanser ve kalp hastalıkları gibi tahrip edici hastalıklar üzerine, etki mekanizmasının olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Malatya’da deniz seviyesinden 1040 m ve 1490 m yükseklikte yetiştirilen Hacıhaliloğlu, Kabaaşı ve Çataloğlu kayısı çeşitleri ve Zerdali meyve örneklerinde farklı antioksidan fitokimyasalların miktarları UV- DAD dedektörü ile yüksek basınçlı sıvı kromotoğrafisi (HPLC) cihazı kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda ilgili meyve örneklerinde gallik asit, p-kumarik asit, ferulik asit, kafeik asit, klorojenik asit, kateşin, epikateşin, epigallokateşin, rutin, prosiyanidin B1, prosiyanidin B2, prosiyanidin B3 ve 3-B-Q-D içerikleri incelenmiştir. İncelenen tüm özelliklerde çeşitler ve zerdali örnekleri arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılık tespit edilmiştir (P<0.05). Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, 1490 m rakımdan alınan meyve örneklerdeki fenolik bileşik miktarlarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. En yüksek gallik asit ve klorojenik asit içeriği 1490 m rakımda yetiştirilen Çataloğlu çeşidinde (sırasıyla 305.25 ve 20916.65 ?g/100 g)elde edilirken, en yüksek kateşin ve epikateşin içerikleri yine 1490 m rakımda yetiştirilen Kabaaşı çeşidinde(6372.80 ve 788.90 ?g/100 g) tespit edilmiştir.
An improved micropropagation protocol for lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus L.)
(Sciendo, 2019) Yıldırım, Hakan; Onay, Ahmet; Gündüz, Kazım; Ercişli, Sezai; Karaat, Fırat Ege
This study presents an efficient improvement in the in vitro propagation protocol for one cloned genotype of lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus L.) by a ssessing the effects of gibberellic acid (GA(3)) concentrations, different cytokinins and amino acids and their concentrations on shoot proliferation, the effects of shoot length on rooting and the effects of compost type (sterile and non-sterile) on acclimatization. The best growth medium for multiple shoot induction was the MS medium supplemented with a combination of 1 mg l(-1) BA, 100 mg l(-1) tryptophan and 0.5 mg l(-1) GA(3), which gave a mean shoot length of 1.64 +/- 0.07 cm and a mean bud number of 5.46 +/- 0.16. The best results in terms of root length, rooting rate and the number of roots per shoot were obtained with 2 cm long shoots. The rooted plantlets were readily acclimatized in the sterile compost. In conclusion, the micropropagation protocol developed in this study can be used for large-scale propagation of P. lentiscus L. in reforestation programmes.
The assessment of tomato fruit quality parameters under different sound waves
(Springer, 2019) Altuntaş, Özlem; Özkurt, Halil
Sound stress is an abiotic stress factor wherein the sound wave form affects the growth and development of plants as an alternative mechanical stress. To explore this, 10-week-old tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants were used in this experiment. The tomato plants were exposed to three different frequency values consecutively: 600Hz in the first week, 1240Hz in the second week and 1600Hz in the third week. The decibel (dB) value was adjusted to 90dB in the sound amplifier. At the end of the experiment, lycopene, vitamin C, total sugar, total acid and total phenol levels were analysed and pH and (0)Brix were measured in tomato fruits. As a result, it was determined that as the sound frequency intensity level increased, the concentration of fruit parameters also increased: lycopene, vitamin C, total sugar, total acid and total phenol. The total phenol content, lycopene content and ascorbic acid of the tomato plants that were exposed to sound waves at different frequencies increased at a rate of 70%, 20% and 14%, respectively. According to the results of all measured parameters in tomato fruits, 1600Hz has been determined the best of sound wave frequency value.
Some biochemical characteristics of fruit samples of Sambucus nigra genotypes from Northeastern Turkey
(Academic Press, 2019) Kan, Tuncay
There are numerous wild edible fruit species in the world and they are important components of dietary utilization, local pharmacopoeia, cultural and religious practices of indigenous people. In this study, some important berry characteristics of seven seed propagated black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) genotypes sampled from Rize province, Turkey, were assessed. The genotypes exhibited a great diversity on most of the biochemical characteristics. Berries of genotypes showed moderate Vitamin C content ranged from 26 to 38 mg per 100 g fresh weight. Total phenolic and total anthocyanin content in fruits of the S. nigra genotypes has also high value ranged from 360 to 447 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per 100 g fresh weight and 307 to 412 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent per 100 g fresh berry, respectively. Antioxidant activity was found between 5.28 and 7.11 mmol trolox equivalent per 100 g fresh weight basis. Citric acid and fructose determined as major organic acid and sugar for all genotypes. For its high vitamin C, total anthocyanin and total phenolic content and high antioxidant activity of fruits of wild grown S. nigra may have provide many health benefits and can be domesticated to establish orchards in Turkey.
Pomological and phytochemical evaluation of different cherry species: Mahaleb (prunus mahaleb L.), wild sweet cherry (prunus avium L.) and wild sour cherry (prunus cerasus L.), sweet and sour cherry cultivars
(Wydawnictwo Akad Rolniczej W Lublinie, 2019) Karaat, Fırat Ege; Gündüz, Kazım; Saraçoǧlu, Onur; Yıldırım, Hakan
The aim of this study was to determine the strains of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) on the tomato plants growing intensively in Adana, Mersin and Antalya provinces and also investigate the transmissibility of virus by the vector B. tabaci biotypes in 2015 and 2017. For this purpose, unperiodical field observations were paid in different districts of those provinces. The TYLCV infected tomato plants and whiteflies on these plants were collected from different greenhouses and fields. The 747 samples of tomato infected with TYLCV were tested by PCR techniques. It was determined that the strains TYLCV-Israel, TYLCV-Sicilia, TYLCV-Sardinia and TYLCV-Mild were found to be infected via strain specific primers. PCR study also indicated that the same strains of TYLCV were also found on the whitefly samples collected from the infected tomato plants. DNA analyses by using specific primer Bem 23-F and R in an individual single whitefly, due to clarification of B. tabaci biotypes, has clearly showed that biotype B is a common vector of TYLCV in Turkey. Molecular techniques identified that Israel, Sardinia, Sicilia and Mild strain of TYLCV were present in three tomato cultivation areas in Mediterranean Region. B. tabaci biotype B (formerly B. argentifolii) was detected as a vector of those of strains. It was observed that (%92) B. tabaci Biotype B and (%8) Biotype Q others were responsible for transmission as vector of TYLC respectively. Individual viruliferous Biotype B samples examined in PCR showed that the most determined TYLCV strain as Israel was the most common among the strains, what were identified.
Influences of pre-sowing treatments on the germination and emergence of different mulberry species seeds
(Wydawnictwo Akad Rolniczej W Lublinie, 2019) Gündüz, Kazım; Karaat, Fırat Ege; Uzunoğlu, Fulya; Mavi, Kazım
Morus genus includes more than 20 species, some of which are commercially important mulberries with different fruit color and shape. Even though the trees of those species are propagated by rooting of cuttings in practice, mulberry seeds are of importance for breeding studies and rootstock seedling propagation. For that reason, this study was conducted to improve the seed performance of four mulberry species by different pre-sowing treatments including; 3% KNO3, GA(3) at 500 ppm, organic priming with herbal tea brewed from marigold flowers petals and hydro priming Results of the parameters of emergence characteristics and seedling vigor were evaluated. According to the results that varied between different species and pre-treatments, since emergence percentage and time, and seedling vigor were improved by the treatments, it was concluded that pre-sowing applications, especially GA(3) and hydro priming, were beneficial in improving the seed performance of mulberry species included in the study.

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