Tohma Çayı'ndaki (Malatya) çözünmüş metallerin kaynakları, kirlilik durumu ve sağlık risklerinin belirlenmesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu tez çalışması, Karakaya Baraj Gölü'nü besleyen akarsular içerisinde önemli bir su potansiyeline sahip olan Tohma Çayı'nda araştırmanın amacına uygun olarak belirlenmiş 13 istasyondan mevsimsel olarak toplanan su örneklerinde 10 metalin (As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni Pb ve Zn) düzeylerini, mekânsal ve mevsimsel değişimlerini ve potansiyel kaynaklarını tespit etmek ve elde edilen verileri insan sağlığı açısından değerlendirmek için yapılmıştır. Tohma Çayı'na ait su örneklerinde kaydedilen metallerin mekânsal dağılımları incelendiğinde, As, Cu ve Pb hariç diğer metallerin düzeylerinin 13 örnekleme istasyonu arasında istatiksel olarak önemli değişimler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (P <0,05). Çözünmüş metallerin mevsimsel değişimleri incelendiğinde, sadece As ve Cu düzeylerinin istatiksel olarak önemli mevsimsel değişimler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (P <0,05). En yüksek ortalama As ve Cu düzeyleri ilkbahar mevsiminde kaydedilmiştir. Bu durum, ilkbahar mevsimindeki yağışların, yüzeysel akışla bu elementleri akarsuya taşımasından muhtemelen kaynaklanmıştır. Tohma Çayı'ndan alınan su örneklerinin ortalama metal konsantrasyonlarının, içme suyu kalite kriterleri ile sucul yaşamın korunması için tatlı su kalite kriterleri tarafından izin verilen maksimum değerleri geçmediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca metal indeksleri (HEI ve HPI) sonuçlarına göre su örneklerinde önemli bir kirlilik belirlenmemiştir. Karsinojenik ve kanser-dışı risk değerlendirme sonuçları, Tohma Çayı suyundaki metallerin insanlar üzerinde bir sağlık problemi oluşturmayacağını göstermiştir. Faktör, korelasyon ve kümeleme analizlerinin sonuçlarına göre, akarsudaki Cr, Ni, Co ve Mn düzeyleri üzerinde insan aktivitelerinin etkili olduğu belirlenirken diğer metallerin düzeyleri üzerinde hem insan aktivitelerinin hem de doğal kaynakların etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Tohma Çayı, metaller, su kalitesi, kaynak tanımlama, sağlık risk değerlendirmesi
This thesis study was carried out to determine the levels, spatial and seasonal changes, potential sources and human health risks of 10 metals (As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in water samples collected seasonally from 13 stations in Tohma Stream, which has a significant water potential among the streams feeding the Karakaya Dam Lake. When the spatial distributions of metals recorded in water samples of Tohma Stream were examined, it was determined that the levels of metals except As, Cu and Pb showed statistically significant changes among the 13 sampling stations (P <0.05). When seasonal changes in dissolved metals were examined, it was determined that only As and Cu levels showed statistically significant seasonal changes (P <0.05). The highest average As and Cu levels were recorded in spring. This situation is probably due to the fact that spring rainfall carries these elements to the stream via surface runoff. It was determined that the average metal concentrations of water samples taken from Tohma Stream did not exceed the maximum values allowed by drinking water quality criteria and fresh water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic life. In addition, according to the results of metal indexes (HEI and HPI), no significant contamination was detected in the water samples. Carcinogenic and non-cancer risk assessment results have shown that metals in Tohma Stream water will not pose a health problem to humans. According to the results of factor, correlation and clustering analyses, it was determined that human activities were effective on the levels of Cr, Ni, Co and Mn in the stream, while both human activities and natural resources were effective on the levels of other metals. KEYWORDS: Tohma Stream, metals, water quality, spatial and seasonal changes, source identification, health risk assessment
This thesis study was carried out to determine the levels, spatial and seasonal changes, potential sources and human health risks of 10 metals (As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in water samples collected seasonally from 13 stations in Tohma Stream, which has a significant water potential among the streams feeding the Karakaya Dam Lake. When the spatial distributions of metals recorded in water samples of Tohma Stream were examined, it was determined that the levels of metals except As, Cu and Pb showed statistically significant changes among the 13 sampling stations (P <0.05). When seasonal changes in dissolved metals were examined, it was determined that only As and Cu levels showed statistically significant seasonal changes (P <0.05). The highest average As and Cu levels were recorded in spring. This situation is probably due to the fact that spring rainfall carries these elements to the stream via surface runoff. It was determined that the average metal concentrations of water samples taken from Tohma Stream did not exceed the maximum values allowed by drinking water quality criteria and fresh water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic life. In addition, according to the results of metal indexes (HEI and HPI), no significant contamination was detected in the water samples. Carcinogenic and non-cancer risk assessment results have shown that metals in Tohma Stream water will not pose a health problem to humans. According to the results of factor, correlation and clustering analyses, it was determined that human activities were effective on the levels of Cr, Ni, Co and Mn in the stream, while both human activities and natural resources were effective on the levels of other metals. KEYWORDS: Tohma Stream, metals, water quality, spatial and seasonal changes, source identification, health risk assessment
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Su Ürünleri, Aquatic Products
