Malatya ili bağlarında gövde fungal hastalıklarının morfolojik ve moleküler yöntemlerle belirlenmesi
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
MTÖ Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İklim ve toprak istekleri yönünden çok seçici olamayışı, değerlendirme şekilleri ve çeşit açısından zengin olması nedeniyle Asma (Vitis vinifera) dünyada en yaygın ve en eski kültür bitkilerinden biridir. Bağcılık için dünyanın en elverişli üretim alanlarından biri olan ülkemiz zengin asma gen potansiyeline sahiptir. Bitkisel üretimde önemli bir yere sahip olan bağcılık, günümüzde üretimden pazarlamaya kadar geçen süreç içerisinde bir çok sorunla karşı karşıyadır. Bu sorunlar içerisinde üretimi sınırlandıran fungal hastalıklar önemli yer tutmaktadır. Çalışmada Malatya ili bağ alanlarında kurumalara sebep olan gövde fungal etmenlerinin saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Malatya ilinde bağcılığın yoğun olduğu Arapgir, Yeşilyurt, Battalgazi ve Darende ilçelerinde vejatasyon peryodu dikkate alınarak iki farklı dönemde örnekleme yapılmış ve hastalık belirtisi görülen bitkilerden numuneler alınmıştır. Çalışmada toplamda 2400 da'lık alanda survey yapılmıştır. Survey sonucu 69 adet enfekteli bitki örnekleri alınmış ve bu bitki örneklerinden 240 adet fungal izolat elde edilmiştir. Fungal izolatların tanısı morfolojik özelliklerine ve moleküler yöntemlere göre yapılmıştır. Moleküler tanılamada ITS, ?-Tubulin, LSU ve TEF-1? primerleri kullanılarak sekans analizleri yapılmıştır. Sekans analizleri sonucu elde edilen dizilerin moleküler tanılamaları NCBI'ın web sayfası ile BLAST analiz programı kullanılarak genbank veri tabanında mevcut olan türlerle benzerlik oranına bakılarak moleküler tanılamaları yapılmıştır. Tanılama çalışmaları sonucunda Botryospharia spp., Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Fomitiporia mediterranea, Cytospora viticola, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae, Dothiorella spp., Lasiodiplodia spp. hastalık etmenleri ve birçok saprofit fungus saptanmıştır. Çalışmada Türkiye'de bağlarda ilk kez tespiti yapılan Cytospora viticola ile Neoscytalidium dimidiatum'a ait seçilen birer izolatın patojenite denemeleri yapılmıştır. Teşhisleri yapılan patojenlerden Cytospora viticola bağlarda Amerika kıtasından sonraki ilk tespitidir.
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most prevalent and long standing cultivated crops in the world thanks to its non-selective climate and soil demands, types of usage and having a wide range of varieties. Turkey has a rich grapevine gene pool because of its favorable climate zone. Viticulture, which has an important role in agriculture, faces a lot of problems in the process of production to marketing. Among them, fungal diseases take an important place by limiting the production wherever grapevine is cultivated. It is aimed to determine the stem fungal diseases that cause drying in viticulture areas of Malatya province with this research. For this reason, Arapgir, Yeşilyurt, Battalgazi and Darende distrcits of Malatya province, where grapevine is intensely cultivated, were surveyed in two different vegetation periods and samples were taken from symptomatic plants. Surveys were conducted in totally 2400 da area. Sixty-nine infected plant samples were collected and 240 fungal isolates were obtained from these infected plants. Identification of these isolates were performed according to morphological properties and by molecular methods. Sequence analyses were performed by using ITS, ?-Tubulin, LSU and TEF-1? primers and the comparisons with other sequences from GenBank were obtained using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, BLASTn program, of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). As a result of the identification studies, Botryosphaeria spp., Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Fomitiporia mediterranea, Cytospora viticola, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae Dothyorella spp., Lasiodiplodia spp. and numerous of saprophyte fungi were determined. The pathogenty trials were performed to one isolate of Cytospora viticola and Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, which are the first records for Turkey on grapevine. Cytospora viticola was first recorded in Turkey after its report in America in grapevine cultivation areas of the world.
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most prevalent and long standing cultivated crops in the world thanks to its non-selective climate and soil demands, types of usage and having a wide range of varieties. Turkey has a rich grapevine gene pool because of its favorable climate zone. Viticulture, which has an important role in agriculture, faces a lot of problems in the process of production to marketing. Among them, fungal diseases take an important place by limiting the production wherever grapevine is cultivated. It is aimed to determine the stem fungal diseases that cause drying in viticulture areas of Malatya province with this research. For this reason, Arapgir, Yeşilyurt, Battalgazi and Darende distrcits of Malatya province, where grapevine is intensely cultivated, were surveyed in two different vegetation periods and samples were taken from symptomatic plants. Surveys were conducted in totally 2400 da area. Sixty-nine infected plant samples were collected and 240 fungal isolates were obtained from these infected plants. Identification of these isolates were performed according to morphological properties and by molecular methods. Sequence analyses were performed by using ITS, ?-Tubulin, LSU and TEF-1? primers and the comparisons with other sequences from GenBank were obtained using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, BLASTn program, of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). As a result of the identification studies, Botryosphaeria spp., Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Fomitiporia mediterranea, Cytospora viticola, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae Dothyorella spp., Lasiodiplodia spp. and numerous of saprophyte fungi were determined. The pathogenty trials were performed to one isolate of Cytospora viticola and Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, which are the first records for Turkey on grapevine. Cytospora viticola was first recorded in Turkey after its report in America in grapevine cultivation areas of the world.
Açıklama
YÖK Tez No: 574825
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture, Bağ, Malatya, Gövde, Fungal, Patojen, Grapevine, Malatya, Stem, Pathogen
