Farklı karbondioksit (CO2) konsantrasyonlarının polifag bitki zararlısı Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)'nin biyolojisi üzerine etkisi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Pamuk yaprak biti (Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera:Aphididae)), bitkide emgi yapması ve virüs hastalıklarını taşıması sebebiyle önemli ekonomik kayıplara yol açan polifag bir bitki zararlısıdır. Bu çalışmada, atmosferde artan karbondioksit (CO2) seviyelerinin bu zararlının biyolojisi üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Denemeler, 400?±?50 ppm, 550?±?50 ppm ve 700?±?50 ppm CO2 düzeylerinde, sabit sıcaklık (22.5?±?1?°C), %60?±?5 nem ve 16:8 saatlik ışık süresine sahip iklim odalarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda, gelişim süresi, üreme ve toplam yaşam süresi gibi biyolojik parametrelerde CO2 seviyelerine bağlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Gelişim evreleri açısından, birinci ve ikinci nimf dönemleri en uzun 550 ppm CO2 düzeyinde gerçekleşmiş (1.43?±?0.10 ve 1.70?±?0.99 gün), üçüncü ve dördüncü dönemlerde ise en uzun süreler 400 ppm CO2 düzeyinde kaydedilmiştir (2.14?±?0.16 ve 2.04?±?0.19 gün). En uzun erginlik süresi 700 ppm CO2'de (18.00?±?1.03 gün), toplam yaşam süresi ise yine bu seviyede 24.00?±?1.00 gün olarak ölçülmüştür. Doğurganlık açısından, ortalama yavru sayısı kontrol grubunda (400 ppm) 25.39 iken, 550 ppm ve 700 ppm'de sırasıyla 13.70 ve 15.34 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Kalıtsal üreme yeteneği (rm) ve net üreme gücü (R?) en yüksek 400 ppm'de (0.27 ve 23.71), en düşük ise 550 ppm'de (0.19 ve 13.70) tespit edilmiştir. Bu bulgular, yükselen CO2 seviyelerinin A. gossypii'nin yaşam süresini uzatırken, üreme kapasitesini azalttığı yönünde kanı oluşturmuştur. Bu durum, iklim değişikliğinin zararlı türlerin popülasyon dinamikleri üzerindeki etkilerinin dikkate alınması gerektiğini göstermektedir. ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Aphis gossypii, CO2, Küresel Isınma, Karbon Emisyonu
The cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)) is a polyphagous insect pest that causes significant economic losses due to its phloem-feeding behavior and ability to transmit viral diseases. In this study, the effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations on the biology of A. gossypii were evaluated. The experiments were conducted in climate-controlled chambers under three different CO2 concentrations: 400?±?50 ppm (control), 550?±?50 ppm, and 700?±?50 ppm, with constant temperature (22.5?±?1?°C), relative humidity (60?±?5%), and a photoperiod of 16:8 (light:dark) hours. The results revealed significant differences in biological parameters such as developmental time, reproduction, and total lifespan across the different CO2 levels. Among the nymphal stages, the first and second instars exhibited the longest durations under 550 ppm CO? (1.43?±?0.10 and 1.70?±?0.99 days, respectively), while the third and fourth instars showed the longest durations under 400 ppm CO? (2.14?±?0.16 and 2.04?±?0.19 days, respectively). The longest adult longevity was recorded at 700 ppm CO? (18.00?±?1.03 days), and the total lifespan was also highest at this level (24.00?±?1.00 days).In terms of fecundity, the average number of offspring per female was 25.39 in the control group (400 ppm), while it decreased to 13.70 and 15.34 at 550 ppm and 700 ppm CO?, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and net reproductive rate (R?) were highest at 400 ppm (0.27 and 23.71, respectively), and lowest at 550 ppm (0.19 and 13.70, respectively). These findings suggest that elevated CO2 concentrations prolong the lifespan of A. gossypii, while reducing its reproductive capacity. This highlights the importance of considering the effects of climate change, particularly increased atmospheric CO2, on the population dynamics of insect pests in future pest management strategies. KEY WORDS: Aphis gossypii, CO2, Global Warming, Carbon Emission
The cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)) is a polyphagous insect pest that causes significant economic losses due to its phloem-feeding behavior and ability to transmit viral diseases. In this study, the effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations on the biology of A. gossypii were evaluated. The experiments were conducted in climate-controlled chambers under three different CO2 concentrations: 400?±?50 ppm (control), 550?±?50 ppm, and 700?±?50 ppm, with constant temperature (22.5?±?1?°C), relative humidity (60?±?5%), and a photoperiod of 16:8 (light:dark) hours. The results revealed significant differences in biological parameters such as developmental time, reproduction, and total lifespan across the different CO2 levels. Among the nymphal stages, the first and second instars exhibited the longest durations under 550 ppm CO? (1.43?±?0.10 and 1.70?±?0.99 days, respectively), while the third and fourth instars showed the longest durations under 400 ppm CO? (2.14?±?0.16 and 2.04?±?0.19 days, respectively). The longest adult longevity was recorded at 700 ppm CO? (18.00?±?1.03 days), and the total lifespan was also highest at this level (24.00?±?1.00 days).In terms of fecundity, the average number of offspring per female was 25.39 in the control group (400 ppm), while it decreased to 13.70 and 15.34 at 550 ppm and 700 ppm CO?, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and net reproductive rate (R?) were highest at 400 ppm (0.27 and 23.71, respectively), and lowest at 550 ppm (0.19 and 13.70, respectively). These findings suggest that elevated CO2 concentrations prolong the lifespan of A. gossypii, while reducing its reproductive capacity. This highlights the importance of considering the effects of climate change, particularly increased atmospheric CO2, on the population dynamics of insect pests in future pest management strategies. KEY WORDS: Aphis gossypii, CO2, Global Warming, Carbon Emission
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
