Malatya yöresinde yetiştirilen mahalli elma genotiplerinin fenolojik, pomolojik ve bazı fitokimyasal özelliklerinin belirlenmesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma 2020-2021 yılları arasında Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi Elma- Armut Gen Kaynakları Parselinde bulunan Malatya yöresinde yetiştiriciliği yapılan elma genotipleri üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmamızda, Sarıkav, İngiliz Elma, Barguzu, N.Taş (Necati Taş) Elma, Tatlı Çıtlık Elma, Mayhoş Çıtlık Elma, Tokat Elma, Yazılı (Tavşan) Elma, Pat Elma, Ağ Elma, Şaban Elma, Karamemiş Elma genotiplerinin bazı fenolojik, pomolojik ve fitokimyasal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmamızda, Tomurcuk patlaması; 19 Mart-2 Nisan, tomurcuk kabarması; 11-27 Mart, tam çiçeklenme; 3-24 Nisan, çiçeklenme başlangıcı; 30 Mart-19 Nisan, çiçeklenme sonu; 11-28 Nisan, hasat olgunluğuna; 28 Temmuz-17 Eylül, tam çiçeklenmeden hasada kadar süreye; 106-161 gün aralıklarında, meyve ağırlığı; 59-49 g-164,23 g, meyve çapı; 55,22 mm-75,97 mm, meyve boyu; 39,93 mm–69,55 mm, meyve eti sertliği; 2,13 (kg /cm 2)-8,45 (kg /cm 2), L* değeri; 45,09-90,43, a* değeri;-9,09-43.64, b* değeri; 15,11-46,25, meyve çekirdek sayıları; 7,4 adet-10 adet, hacim değerleri; 94,8 cm3-168,4 cm3, pH değerleri; 3,45-4,8, SÇKM miktarı; 12,3-18,5, ağaç başına düşen ortalama verim; 10 kg-57,06 kg, gövde kesit alanı; 19,63 cm2-85,7 cm2, birim gövde kesit alanına düşen verim; 0.18 kg/cm2-1.35 kg/cm2; birim alana düşen verim; 92,59 kg/da-592 kg/da toplam fenolik madde miktarı; 558 mg/1000g GAE-950 mg/1000g GAE, Antioksidan aktivitesi; 871 mg TEAC/1000gr-1421 mg TEAC/1000gr, arasında değişim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Yaptığımız çalışmamızda var olan yöresel elma genotiplerinin pomolojik ve fenolojik karakterlerini inceleyerek üstün özellikleri belirleyip ümitvar genotiplerin tespiti yapılmıştır. Yerel elma genotipleri arasından meyve iriliği bakımından İngiliz elma, meyve eti sertliği yönünden N.Taş elma, anaçlık olabilme özelliği bakımından Şaban elma genotipi öne çıkmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Elma genotipi, fenolojik ve pomolojik özellikler
Apple cultivation is carried out in almost all regions of the world with a temperate climate. However; It is important to determine the varieties suitable for each region and it requires examining the performance values of these varieties. This study was carried out in order to determine the performance of some apple varieties grown as local varieties in Malatya in the years 2020-2021. In the study; The phenological, pomological and yield characteristics of Sarıkav, English Apple, Barguzu, N.Taş Apple, Sweet Çıtlık Apple, Tart Apple, Tokat Apple, Written (Rabbit) Apple, Pat Apple, Net Apple, Saban Apple, Karamemis apple cultivars were investigated. According to the research results; Average bud swell in 2020-2021; March 11-27, bud burst; March 19 to April 2, the beginning of flowering; March 30 to April 19, full bloom; 3-24, end of flowering; April 11-28, to harvest maturity; 28 July – 17 September, when looking at the time from full bloom to harvest; Fruit weight between 106-161 days; 59.49 g -164.23 g, fruit diameter; 55.22 mm – 75.97 mm, fruit length; 39.93 mm – 69.55 mm, Fruit firmness; 2.13 (kg /cm2) - 8.45 (kg /cm2), L* color value; 45.09-90.43, a* color value; -9.09 43.64, b* color value; 15.11-46.25, Number of fruit seeds; 7.4 pieces-10 pieces, volume values; 94.8 cm3 -168.4 cm3, pH values; 3.45-4.8, the amount of SÇKM; 12.3-18.5, total phenolic content; 558 mg/1000g GAE - 950 mg/1000g GAE, Antioxidant activity; 871 mg TEAC/1000gr – 1421 mg TEAC/1000gr, average yield per tree; 10 kg-57.06 kg, Body cross-sectional area; 19.63 cm2 - 85.7 cm2, yield per unit trunk cross-sectional area; 0.18 kg/cm2 - 1.35 kg/cm2; yield per unit area; It has been determined that it varies between 92.59 kg/da and 592 kg/da. In this study, by examining the phenological and pomological characteristics of the existing local apple cultivars, the superior features were determined and the promising cultivars were determined. Among the local apple genotypes, English apple genotype in terms of fruit size, Sarıkav and Barguzu genotypes, which have the highest value in the amount of SÇKM, which is the quality criterion, N. Taş apple genotype, which stands out in terms of fruit flesh firmness, Şaban apple cultivar is rooted due to its weak growth power. can be considered as a species that should be removed. In terms of human health; The pat apple and blackberry genotypes, which have high phenolic substances and antioxidants, come to the fore. Keywords: apple varieties, phenological and pomological characteristics
Apple cultivation is carried out in almost all regions of the world with a temperate climate. However; It is important to determine the varieties suitable for each region and it requires examining the performance values of these varieties. This study was carried out in order to determine the performance of some apple varieties grown as local varieties in Malatya in the years 2020-2021. In the study; The phenological, pomological and yield characteristics of Sarıkav, English Apple, Barguzu, N.Taş Apple, Sweet Çıtlık Apple, Tart Apple, Tokat Apple, Written (Rabbit) Apple, Pat Apple, Net Apple, Saban Apple, Karamemis apple cultivars were investigated. According to the research results; Average bud swell in 2020-2021; March 11-27, bud burst; March 19 to April 2, the beginning of flowering; March 30 to April 19, full bloom; 3-24, end of flowering; April 11-28, to harvest maturity; 28 July – 17 September, when looking at the time from full bloom to harvest; Fruit weight between 106-161 days; 59.49 g -164.23 g, fruit diameter; 55.22 mm – 75.97 mm, fruit length; 39.93 mm – 69.55 mm, Fruit firmness; 2.13 (kg /cm2) - 8.45 (kg /cm2), L* color value; 45.09-90.43, a* color value; -9.09 43.64, b* color value; 15.11-46.25, Number of fruit seeds; 7.4 pieces-10 pieces, volume values; 94.8 cm3 -168.4 cm3, pH values; 3.45-4.8, the amount of SÇKM; 12.3-18.5, total phenolic content; 558 mg/1000g GAE - 950 mg/1000g GAE, Antioxidant activity; 871 mg TEAC/1000gr – 1421 mg TEAC/1000gr, average yield per tree; 10 kg-57.06 kg, Body cross-sectional area; 19.63 cm2 - 85.7 cm2, yield per unit trunk cross-sectional area; 0.18 kg/cm2 - 1.35 kg/cm2; yield per unit area; It has been determined that it varies between 92.59 kg/da and 592 kg/da. In this study, by examining the phenological and pomological characteristics of the existing local apple cultivars, the superior features were determined and the promising cultivars were determined. Among the local apple genotypes, English apple genotype in terms of fruit size, Sarıkav and Barguzu genotypes, which have the highest value in the amount of SÇKM, which is the quality criterion, N. Taş apple genotype, which stands out in terms of fruit flesh firmness, Şaban apple cultivar is rooted due to its weak growth power. can be considered as a species that should be removed. In terms of human health; The pat apple and blackberry genotypes, which have high phenolic substances and antioxidants, come to the fore. Keywords: apple varieties, phenological and pomological characteristics
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı, Bahçe Bitkileri Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
