Malatya’da Yetiştirilen Bazı Dut Genotiplerinde (Morus alba), Farklı Hasat Dönemlerinin Meyvenin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal İçeriklerindeki Değişime Etkisinin Araştırılması
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Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi / Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü / Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu tez çalışması, Malatya'da yetiştirilen dört farklı dut genotipinin, farklı hasat dönemlerinde meyvelerde meydana gelen fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimlerin incelenmesi amacıyla 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla Malatya Kayısı Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü, Dut Genetik Kaynakları Parselinde bulunan Arapgir 0011, Elazığ Çekirdekli 3, İstanbul Dutu (24-12) ve Yediveren (24-08) genotipleri bitkisel materyal olarak ele alınmış ve bu genotiplerin on bir farklı hasat dönemindeki fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Fiziksel ölçüm parametreleri kapsamında; meyve ağırlığı, meyve boyu, meyve çapı, meyve rengi (yaş ve kuru), kimyasal analiz parametreleri kapsamında ise SÇKM, pH, titre edilebilir asit (TEA) miktarı, toplam antioksidan kapasite, toplam fenolik madde, spesifik şeker analizleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca her hasat döneminde alınan meyve örneklerinde şıra randımanı ve kurutma randımanı da belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, genotiplerin farklı hasat dönemlerinde ortalama meyve ağırlıklarının 1.23 g ile 3.19 g, meyve çapı ve meyve boyunun ise sırasıyla 11.36 – 16.04 mm, 19.71 – 24.98 mm aralığında değişim gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Önemli kimyasal kalite özelliklerinden biri olan ortalama SÇKM (%) değeri, % 26.80 ile en yüksek olarak Yediveren (24-08) genotipinde bulunmuştur. Yaş meyvelerin L* renk değerleri arasında önemli farklar bulunmazken, kurutulmuş meyvelerde en yüksek L* renk değerleri ortalaması 35.80 ve 37.08 ile sırasıyla Yediveren (24-08) ve İstanbul Dutu (24-12) genotiplerinde tespit edilmiştir. SÇKM, kurutma randımanı, yaş meyvede a* renk değeri ve şeker kompozisyonu değerlerinde hasat ilerledikçe bir artış, şıra randımanı ve yaş meyvelerde L* ile b* renk değerlerinde ise azalma gözlemlenmiştir.
This study was conducted in the Mulberry Genetic Resources Parcel and Laboratories of Malatya Apricot Research Institute between 2018 and 2019 in order to examine the physical and chemical changes of four different mulberry genotypes in different harvest periods. For this purpose, Arapgir 0011, Elazığ Çekirdeksiz 3, İstanbul Dutu (24-12), Yediveren (24-08) mulberry genotypes were considered as plant material and the variation of physical and chemical components in eleven different harvest periods was investigated. Among the physical parameters, fruit weight, fruit size, fruit diameter, fruit color (wet and dry), and within the scope of chemical parameters, Brix, pH, titrable acid content, total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compund content, specific sugar analyzes were performed. In addition, the must yield and drying efficiency were determined in the fruit samples harvested in each harvest period. As a result of the study, the average fruit weights of the genotypes ranged between 1.23 g and 3.19 g at different harvest periods, and the fruit diameter and fruit height varied between 11.36 – 16.04 mm and 19.71 – 24.98 mm respectively. Brix value, which is one of the most important chemical quality traits, was found to be the highest in Yediveren (24-08) genotype with 26.80%. While there were no significant differences in L * color values of fresh fruits, the highest average L * color values of dried fruits were found in Yediveren (24-08) and Istanbul Mulberry (24-12) genotypes, respectively, with an average of 35.80 and 37.08. Brix, drying efficiency, a * color value and sugar composition values in fresh fruit increased as the harvest period was delayed, while the must yield and L * and b * color values decreased in fresh fruits.
This study was conducted in the Mulberry Genetic Resources Parcel and Laboratories of Malatya Apricot Research Institute between 2018 and 2019 in order to examine the physical and chemical changes of four different mulberry genotypes in different harvest periods. For this purpose, Arapgir 0011, Elazığ Çekirdeksiz 3, İstanbul Dutu (24-12), Yediveren (24-08) mulberry genotypes were considered as plant material and the variation of physical and chemical components in eleven different harvest periods was investigated. Among the physical parameters, fruit weight, fruit size, fruit diameter, fruit color (wet and dry), and within the scope of chemical parameters, Brix, pH, titrable acid content, total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compund content, specific sugar analyzes were performed. In addition, the must yield and drying efficiency were determined in the fruit samples harvested in each harvest period. As a result of the study, the average fruit weights of the genotypes ranged between 1.23 g and 3.19 g at different harvest periods, and the fruit diameter and fruit height varied between 11.36 – 16.04 mm and 19.71 – 24.98 mm respectively. Brix value, which is one of the most important chemical quality traits, was found to be the highest in Yediveren (24-08) genotype with 26.80%. While there were no significant differences in L * color values of fresh fruits, the highest average L * color values of dried fruits were found in Yediveren (24-08) and Istanbul Mulberry (24-12) genotypes, respectively, with an average of 35.80 and 37.08. Brix, drying efficiency, a * color value and sugar composition values in fresh fruit increased as the harvest period was delayed, while the must yield and L * and b * color values decreased in fresh fruits.
Açıklama
YÖK Tez No: 639342
Anahtar Kelimeler
Dut, Antioksidan, Toplam fenolik madde, Hasat dönemi, Mulberry, Antioxidant, Total phenolic substance, Harvest period
