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    PERSIMMON (DIOSPYROS KAKI L.) AND JOHNSONGRASS [SORGHUMHALEPENSE (L.) PERS.] ARE NEW NATURAL HOSTS OF PEACH LATENT MOSAIC VIROID
    (CORVINUS UNIV BUDAPESTVILLANYI UT 29/43, BUDAPEST H-1118, HUNGARY, 2021) Oksal, HD; Aydın, S; Baran, M; Emir, C; Karanfil, A; Bozdoğan, Olcay; Sipahioglu, HM
    Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) naturally infects stone fruits worldwide. Here, we report the first detection of PLMVd in persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) and a weed Johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.]. Samples corresponding to 12 persimmon specimens and weeds nearby the persimmon trees were collected from a germplasm collection plot in Malatya (Turkey). Total RNAs were isolated using a silica-based method and the complete viroid genome was amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). From these samples, PLMVd was detected in 7 of the 12 persimmons and in Johnsongrass revealing 8 new sequence variants. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analyses revealed that identified persimmon and Johnsongrass isolates clustered only with PLMVd-walnut isolates previously identified from same locality. The nucleotide sequences of PLMVd persimmon and Johnsongrass isolates showed 96.71-99.11% similarity with the PLMVd isolates detected in different fruit crops in the world. A single specific mutation identified in two PLMVd persimmon variants (-TH2 and-TH10) effectively changed the predicted secondary structure of the agent. The identification and the genetic analyses of PLMVd variants in persimmon and Johnsongrass confirm that the agent is a ubiquitous and genetically variable viroid that infects cultivated fruit and weeds worldwide.