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Öğe Determination of Nutrition Status of Apple Orchards in Doğanşehir, Malatya(2019) Karlıdaǧ, Hüseyin; Karaat, Fırat Ege; Kan, Tuncay; Kutsal, İbrahim Kutalmış; Yıldırım, HakanIn order to determine nutrition status of the apple orchards in Doğanşehir city of Malatya Province, chemical and physical properties of soil samples, and macro and micro nutrient contents of soil and leaf samples collected from the selected orchards from different parts of the city were examined in 2017. Soil samples were collected from two depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm, 1 kg from each depth, in September. Leaf samples, 100 leaves taken from head level of trees representing the related orchard, were collected 11 weeks after full blossom. Results indicated that soil texture, pH and salinity level was appropriate for apple growing, but loam content was generally high and organic matter was poor. Macro and micro nutrients were found adequate in soil samples of most of the orchards, except Mn and Zn. Sampling depth did not affected soil properties in most of the orchards. Almost all of the leaf samples contained adequate amount of N, P, Fe, and Cu, whereas inadequate level of K, Ca, and Zn. N content varied between 0.068% and 0.106% in soil samples, and between 1.78% and 2.68% in leaf samples.Öğe Evaluation of an intercropping system: lettuce and radish growing in fruit sapling production(Hasan Önder, 2022) Karlıdağ, Hüseyin; Kutsal, İbrahim Kutalmış; Karaat, Fırat Ege; Küçük, Rabia; Kan, TuncayAgricultural production is one of the most negatively affected sectors from increasing population and global warming. Increasing food demand along with narrowing agricultural production areas increased the need for sustainable agricultural approaches where the unit area is better utilized. Intercropping systems are of those approaches based on the principle of growing more than one crop in the same area. In this study it was aimed to analyze the opportunities of increasing land-use efficiency in open field fruit sapling production. For this aim lettuce and radish were grown on the inter-rows of almond, apple, apricot, cherry, and pear sapling growing lines. When compared with control plants, results indicated a slight negative effect of intercropping systems on sapling quality. Vegetable yield and pomological values (except chemical parameters) were lower in the vegetables subjected to intercropping. On the other hand, Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) and Net Economic Profit (NEP) were higher in intercropping lines. LER value varied between 1.86 and 1.97, and NEP value between 3328 and 6962 USD/da. These results indicated that land-use efficiency was increased with the examined intercropping system. As a result of the study notwithstanding the quality and yield loses it was concluded that intercropping of lettuce and radish in fruit sapling production is a beneficial growing application for the mentioned aims.Öğe Farklı rakımlarda yetiştirilen bazı kayısı çeşitleri ile zerdali meyvelerinde fenolik bileşiklerin incelenmesi(Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, 2019) Kan, Tuncay; Karaat, Fırat EgeFitokimyasallar insan sağlığını destekleyen en önemli mikro besleyicilerinden olup; kanser ve kalp hastalıkları gibi tahrip edici hastalıklar üzerine, etki mekanizmasının olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Malatya’da deniz seviyesinden 1040 m ve 1490 m yükseklikte yetiştirilen Hacıhaliloğlu, Kabaaşı ve Çataloğlu kayısı çeşitleri ve Zerdali meyve örneklerinde farklı antioksidan fitokimyasalların miktarları UV- DAD dedektörü ile yüksek basınçlı sıvı kromotoğrafisi (HPLC) cihazı kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda ilgili meyve örneklerinde gallik asit, p-kumarik asit, ferulik asit, kafeik asit, klorojenik asit, kateşin, epikateşin, epigallokateşin, rutin, prosiyanidin B1, prosiyanidin B2, prosiyanidin B3 ve 3-B-Q-D içerikleri incelenmiştir. İncelenen tüm özelliklerde çeşitler ve zerdali örnekleri arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılık tespit edilmiştir (P<0.05). Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, 1490 m rakımdan alınan meyve örneklerdeki fenolik bileşik miktarlarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. En yüksek gallik asit ve klorojenik asit içeriği 1490 m rakımda yetiştirilen Çataloğlu çeşidinde (sırasıyla 305.25 ve 20916.65 ?g/100 g)elde edilirken, en yüksek kateşin ve epikateşin içerikleri yine 1490 m rakımda yetiştirilen Kabaaşı çeşidinde(6372.80 ve 788.90 ?g/100 g) tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Less Known Fruit Specie, Rosa Villosa L.: Phenotypic and Biochemical Content(Springer, 2021) Kan, TuncayIn recent years less known fruits such as rose hips increased popularity among consumers due to its higher human health compounds and unique aroma properties. In literature mostly results about rose hips obtained from well-known Rosa species, Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis and report about Rosa villosa is very limited. Thus, this study is aimed to assess some important morphological and biochemical characteristics of thirteen Rosa villosa L. genotypes collected from Gumushane province, located in Northeastern Anatolia region of Turkey and compared with R. canina, R. dumalis and R. pimpinellifolia. Results showed that there were statistically important differences among R. villosa genotypes and also differences between R. villosa and the other Rosa species on most of the morphological and biochemical characteristics. Fruit weight insignificantly differed among genotypes but significantly differed among species. There were statistically significant differences in harvest dates, fruit flesh ratio, total phenolic, total anthocyanin, ascorbic acid and organic acids, specific sugars and antioxidant activity between R. villosa genotypes and also Rosa species. Fruit weight was found between 1.04–1.19?g and harvest dates ranged from 24 August and 18 September among R. villosa genotypes. Fruit flesh ratio varied from 75.15 to 84.22%. Vitamin C, total phenolic and total anthocyanin content of the R. villosa genotypes ranged from 288–391?mg per 100?g fresh weight, 682–827?mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per 100?g fresh weight and 2.12–2.84?mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent per 100?g fresh fruit, respectively. Antioxidant activity was between 34.11–40.07?mmol Trolox equivalents (TE) per g fresh weight.Öğe Malatya yöresinde yetiştirilen mahalli 'Karamehmet' elmasında seleksiyonla verimli ve kaliteli klonların seçimi(Ordu Üniversitesi, 2019) Çöçen, Erdoğan; Ernim, Cemil; Kokargül, Remzi; Uğur, Yılmaz; Kan, Tuncay; Pırlak, LütfiElma insan sağlığı ve beslenmesinde önemli olan, her mevsim pazarda bulunabilen, ekonomik, lezzetli ve yaygın şekilde tüketilen bir meyvedir. Ülkemiz elma üretiminde ticari değeri yüksek standart çeşitlerin yanı sıra çok sayıda mahalli çeşitler de yer almaktadır. Bu mahalli çeşitler ıslah çalışmaları için önemli bir genetik kaynak oluşturmaktadır. Malatya ilinde yetiştirilen mahalli Karamehmet elması; eylül ayı başında olgunlaşır. Yeme kalitesi ve albenisi yüksek, ince kabuklu, hoş kokulu, hafif mayhoştatlımsı, gevrek ve suludur. Malatya ilinde 2013- 2017 yılları arasında yürütülen bu çalışmada, farklı genotiplerinin olduğu gözlenen Karamehmet elmasında kaliteli klonların belirlenerek üretime kazandırılması amaçlanmıştır. Alan taramasında yapılan incelemelerde verimli ve sağlıklı olduğu gözlenen 15 klon arazide işaretlenmiştir. İşaretlenen ağaçlardan alınan meyve örneklerinde pomolojik analizler gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen veriler “Tartılı Derecelendirme Metodu” ile değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme sonunda, “Karamehmet” elma çeşidinde 44.KM.02, 44.KM.08 ve 44.KM.15 no’lu klonlar ümitvar bulunmuştur. Ümitvar klonlarda meyve ağırlığı 151.98 g (44.KM.08) ile 205.30 g (44.KM.02), meyve eti sertliği 7.90 kg/cm² (44.KM.02) ile 8.90 kg/cm² (44.KM.15), suda çözünebilir kuru madde (SÇKM) oranı %13.12 (44.KM.02) ile %14.10 (44.KM.15), TEA değeri % 0.70 (44.KM.15) ile %1.12 (44.KM.08), pH değeri ise 2.20 (44.KM.08) ile 3.65 (44.KM.15) arasında değişmiştir. Çalışma sonunda; periyodisite eğilimi göstermeyen, verimli, yeme kalitesi ve albenisi yüksek olduğu belirlenen bu ümitvar klonlar çoğaltılarak Kayısı Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü koleksiyon parseline dikilmiştir.Öğe Physical and chemical fruit quality properties of some walnut cultivars and promising local selections grown under plain conditions in malatya(Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, 2019) Karlıdağ, Hüseyin; Karaat, Fırat Ege; Kutsal, İbrahim Kutalmış; Altun, Oktay Turgay; Kan, TuncayThis study was conducted between the years of 2017 and 2018 in Battalgazi county of Malatya Province, Turkey, in order to determine fruit quality properties of three walnut cultivars and three local walnut genotypes under plain conditions. For this aim; kernel color and shrinkage, nut height, width and thickness, nut and kernel weights, kernel/nut ratio, shell thickness were detected as physical parameters. Additionally, total oil, protein and ash contents of kernel samples were examined as chemical parameters. Results indicated significant differences in all evaluated parameters of genotypes included in the study. Nut height, width and thickness varied between 37.55 mm - 52.30 mm, 32.61 mm - 42.10 mm, and 30.09 mm - 41.10 mm, respectively. Nut weight varied between 11.22 g and 17.84 g and kernel/nut ratio varied between 43.89 % and 58.13 %. Total oil and protein contents varied between 64.10 - 73.75 %, and 13.50 - 19.66 %, respectively. The study resulted with various values in all evaluated physical and chemical parameters of the cultivars and the genotypes observed. Leading cultivar or genotype depended on different parameters, but according to overall evaluations two of the cultivars and two of the local genotypes were distinguished in terms of their performances under plain conditions. In addition, significant correlations were found between most of the characters examined in the study.Öğe Physicochemical characteristics of wild and cultivated apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) from Aras valley in Turkey(Springer, 2020) Gecer, Mustafa Kenan; Kan, Tuncay; Gündoğdu, Muttalip; Ercişli, Sezai; İlhan, Gülce; Sağbaş, Halil İbrahimIn east Anatolia region in Turkey, there are special microclimates, which famous for its fruit production. One of the most important microclimates in the region is Aras valley. The major fruit in the valley is apricot, which grown both cultivated and wild forms. This study aimed to assess some important fruit morphological and biochemical characteristics of 26 wild apricots and cv. Aprikoz grown in Kagizman district in Aras valley. Harvest date, tree growth habit, fruit weight, fruit shape, fruit firmness, fruit color, flesh/seed ratio, aroma, kernel taste, soluble solid content, titratable acidity, maturity index, vitamin C, total phenolic, total carotenoid and antioxidant capacity were determined. The wild grown apricots exhibited a wide variation on most of the fruit morphological and biochemical characteristics. Harvest date, fruit shape, fruit weight, fruit firmness and fruit color were the most distinct morphological characteristics of wild grown apricots. Harvest dates and fruit weight were found between 02 July (KA18) and 06 August (KA13); 16.28 g (KA6) and 33.14 g (KA2) among wild grown apricots, respectively. The main cultivar cv. Aprikoz harvested at 04 July and had 38.67 g fruit weight. The wild apricots had flesh/seed ratio between 8.41 (KA21) and 12.25 (KA10) while cv. Aprikoz had 11.69 flesh/seed ratio. Total antioxidant capacity, total carotenoid and total phenolic content were the highest in most of wild apricot fruits than cv. Aprikoz. Our results showed that there is potential for promoting wild apricot fruit from specific geographical regions because they contained elevated concentrations of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds.Öğe Response of heavy metal contents in apricots to different transportation modes(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie, 2019) Karlıdaǧ, Hüseyin; Turan, Metin; Karaat, Fırat Ege; Özlü, Ekrem; Arriaga, Francisco J.; Kan, Tuncay; Atay, SalihIn order to evaluate the effects of different transportation hubs on cultivated soil and apricots, macro and micro elements and heavy metal contents of fruit, leaf, kernel and soil samples collected from apricot orchards located at the border of the railroad, the motorway, the airport, and an orchard far from transportation modes were detected by ICP/OES (inductively coupled plasma / optical emission spectrometry). The results indicated the highest Cd, Pb and Ni contents of soil, fruit, and kernel samples under impacts of railroad transportation modes, whereas the highest contents of leaf were found under motorway side. All fruit samples contained higher amounts of Cd and Pb compared to permissible limits of FAO/WHO, and contents differentiated between sampling locations. There were no correlative relations found between transportation modes and macro-micro element contents. As a conclusion, in terms of heavy metal contamination, the orchards located at railway sides have the highest risk and this was followed by motorway side.Öğe Some biochemical characteristics of fruit samples of Sambucus nigra genotypes from Northeastern Turkey(Academic Press, 2019) Kan, TuncayThere are numerous wild edible fruit species in the world and they are important components of dietary utilization, local pharmacopoeia, cultural and religious practices of indigenous people. In this study, some important berry characteristics of seven seed propagated black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) genotypes sampled from Rize province, Turkey, were assessed. The genotypes exhibited a great diversity on most of the biochemical characteristics. Berries of genotypes showed moderate Vitamin C content ranged from 26 to 38 mg per 100 g fresh weight. Total phenolic and total anthocyanin content in fruits of the S. nigra genotypes has also high value ranged from 360 to 447 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per 100 g fresh weight and 307 to 412 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent per 100 g fresh berry, respectively. Antioxidant activity was found between 5.28 and 7.11 mmol trolox equivalent per 100 g fresh weight basis. Citric acid and fructose determined as major organic acid and sugar for all genotypes. For its high vitamin C, total anthocyanin and total phenolic content and high antioxidant activity of fruits of wild grown S. nigra may have provide many health benefits and can be domesticated to establish orchards in Turkey.
