Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Bölümü Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12899/42

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Changes in carbon pools and enzyme activities in soil amended with pig slurry derived from different feeding diets and filtration process
(Elsevier, 2020) Yanardağ, İbrahim Halil; Zornoza, Raul; Faz Cano, Ángel; Büyükkılıç Yanardağ, Asuman; Mermut, Ahmet Ruhi
Monitoring soil carbon content and pools and associated enzyme activities has become an important area of research in terms of the carbon cycle in agricultural lands in order to infer factors regulating soil carbon sequestration. Pig slurry (PS) is considered as a source of organic matter and nutrients for crop production. In recent years, because of the cost of conventional feed applications, manufacturers have preferred liquid feeding diets with decreases of 10–25% in production costs. Furthermore, physical and chemical filtration of PS by new techniques may prevent soil degradation and reduce the negative effects of PS, such as high salt, pathogen, and heavy metal contents. This research aimed to assess the effect of the application of raw pig slurry (R) and treated pig slurry (T) (derived from physical and chemical separation processes) from liquid (L) and solid (S) feeding diets on different soil organic carbon pools and enzyme activities in a sandy loam soil under a rainfed barley cropping system for two years. The solid diet consisted of maize/soya bean, tubers and roots, and supplementary vitamins and minerals. The liquid diet consisted of dairy products such as fresh whey, concentrated cheese or yogurt, skim milk powder, and beer by-products such as brewer's yeast. As a general pattern, the addition of the different types of PS (R or T) had no significant effect on most soil properties, except for microbial biomass C (Cmic), which increased with R. However, the type of diet did have a significant effect on most properties, both for R or T slurries, suggesting that this is more of a determinant factor in explaining changes in soil than the type of pig slurry. Solid diet favors the significant increase of soil organic carbon and arylesterase activity, suggesting higher stabilization of the organic compounds provided by the PS. However, the liquid diet contributed to increasing soluble C and Cmic, suggesting higher availability of nutrients and C sources. Hence, the use of treated pig slurry has no detrimental effect on organic carbon dynamics compared to raw pig slurry and can be suggested as an alternative to reduce the environmental impact, prevent soil pollution, and ensure sustainability.
Evaluation of carbon dynamics of calcareous soils amended with biochar under the application of low-voltage electrical charge
(Range Management Society of India (RMSI), 2021) Sakin, Erdal; Yanardağ, İbrahim Halil
Among the important health parameters in soil, soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial respiration (CO2 ), water-soluble carbon (WSC) are the most affected parameters by environmental conditions. In this study, we investigated the effect of low-voltage electrical charged soil (VEC: 0mV-3.5mV-7.5mV ) with biochar (BC) application on calcic Vertisol soil in terms of soil health parameters under laboratory conditions. At the end, 37-week measurement, the highest amount of soil CO2-C emission was seen with a low-voltage electrical charged application of BC+7.5mV (12.89 mg CO2-C kg-1 soil week-1), while the lowest amount was seen with the application of BC+0mV (1.31 mg CO2-C kg-1 soil week-1). The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum that displayed different functional group activities with all the application and the highest increases were observed in the alkyne (C-Br) (547 cm-1) and alkenes (=C-H) (964 cm-1) groups with BC application, while the lowest increases were seen with BC+7.5mV application. Examining the thermogravimetric (TGA) results, the smallest mass loss was observed with the BC+7.5mV application (24.98%), while the highest was with BC+3.5mV (21.41%). The highest breakdown in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was observed in BC-applied soil in the volatile C group [(EXO 1 (30-200 °C)]. Especially in EXO 3 (385-475 °C), a high level of breakdown occurred, which was an indication of recalcitrant carbon groups. This study indicated that low-voltage electrical pulse was inappropriate for evaluation of soil C dynamics including SOC, WSC, MBC, and basal soil respiration. © 2021, Range Management Society of India.
Organic carbon fluxes using column leaching experiments in soil treated with pig slurry in SE Spain
(Taylor & Francis, 2020) Büyükkılıç Yanardağ, Asuman; Faz-Cano, Ángel; Mermut, Ahmet Ruhi; Yanardağ, İbrahim Halil; Gómez-Garrido, Melisa
In semi-arid climates, the management of pig slurry is very important, since it may cause an environmental problem, but on the other hand it has positive impacts such as high labile and organic carbon content. Leaching experiments were carried out to establish the mechanism of soil C dynamics using the raw pig slurry with legislated doses (LD) (170 kg ha(-1 )year(-1)) and the high doses (HD) (510 kg ha(-1 )year(-1)). Organic carbon (OC) content of the soil ranged between 6.81 and 15.50 tons OC ha(-1) at the beginning, which ranged between 11.39 and 26.26 tons OC ha(-1) at the end of the experiment and significantly increased with the HD, especially in the subsurface zone. Carbon lost from the soil respiration was similar to 0.01 ton C-CO2 month(-1 )ha(-1) in control and varied between 0.01 and 2.30 ton C-CO2 month(-1 )ha(-1) in LD, and 0.01 and 7.16 ton C-CO2 month(-1 )ha(-1) in HD, respectively. The losses of OC by leaching from dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were 0.15, 0.07, and 16.30% with LD, HD, and the control (CT), respectively. Dissolved OC content in leachates was lower in LD treatment than in HD treatment. The changes of OC from the beginning were between +15.85, +24.65, and -0.8% (+1.97, +3.15, and -0.11 ton OC ha(-1)) with LD, HD, and CT, respectively. Results suggest that the agronomic rate (LD) application could be considered as a fertilizer treatment in terms of soil C sequestration.
Antioxidant effect of grape molasses in rat heart tissues
(International Medical Journal, 2019) Kıran, Tuğba Raika; Otlu, Önder; Karabulut, Ercan; Pakdemirli, Ahu; Özcan, Nermin
Grape molasses, which is rich in mineral substances such as flavonoids, polyphenol, antioxidants, iron, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium is a natural nutrient, that is concentrated with boiling without adding any additive. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of molasses and resveratrol diets on oxidative stress parameters in cardiac damage induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). A total of 42 Wistar albino female rats were divided into six groups with seven in each. Control group was administered subcutaneous injection of 1 mL mixture including 20 mL sesame oil + 30 mL Dimethyl Sulphoxyde (DMSO); DMBA group received subcutaneous injection of 10 mg/Kg DMBA on the 0th and 7th days. DMBA + Molasses group received DMBA application and feed containing 20 % molasses; DMBA + Resveratrol group received subcutaneous injection of DMBA + 10 mg/Kg resveratrol a day. Molasses group received feed with 20 % molasses, and Resveratrol group received subcutaneous injection of 10 mg/Kg resveratrol a day. There was a statistically significant difference between the DMBA group and DMBA + Molasses, control, resveratrol and molasses groups in terms of nitric oxide activity. There was a statistically significant difference between the DMBA group and DMBA + Resveratrol, DMBA + Molasses, control, molasses and resveratrol groups in term of malondialdehyde (MDA) activity. There was a statistically significant difference between DMBA groups, and DMBA + Molasses, DMBA + Resveratrol, and control groups in terms of glutathione (GSH) activity. Based on these results, it could be said that grape molasses could provide protection against oxidative stress as resveratrol, decreasing the risk of damage by free radicals.
Kuru kayısılardaki kükürt miktarının serum oksidatif stres parametleri üzerine etkisi
(Pamukkale Üniversitesi, 2019) Otlu, Önder; Kıran, Tuğba Raika; Karabulut, Ercan; Bay Karabulut, Aysun
Kayısı, dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde yetiştirilebilen ve ticari öneme sahip bir meyvedir. Kayısılar güneşte veya depolanma süresini uzatmak amacıyla kükürtle muamele edilerek kurutulmaktadır. Özellikle Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri ve ülkemizde kuru kayısıda bulunması gereken kükürt miktarı 2000 mg/L olarak belirlenmiştir ve bu miktar azaltılmak istenmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, yüksek ve düşük kükürt içerikli kayısılarla beslenmenin serum oksidatif stres parametreleri üzerine etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Toplamda 84 adet Wistar albino rat, gün kurusu kayısı ve farklı miktarda kükürt içeren kuru kayısıların kullanıldığı yemlerle 12 hafta boyunca beslendi. Ratların serum Total antioksidan seviye, Total oksidan seviye, Malondialdehit ve Glutatyon seviyeleri ölçüldü. En yüksek total antioksidan seviye gün kurusu kayısı ile beslenen grupta, en düşük total antioksidan seviye ise 3000 mg/L grubunda gözlemlenmiştir. Malondialdehit seviyelerinde sadece 1000 mg/L grubunda, Glutatyon seviyelerinde ise 1000 mg/L, 2000 mg/L ve 3000 mg/L gruplarında anlamlı artışlar görülmüştür.

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