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Öğe Acute effects of caffeine on choroidal thickness and ocular pulse amplitude(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Dervisogullari, Mehmet Serdar; Totan, Yuksel; Yuce, Aslihan; Kulak, Ali EnderObjective: To explore ocular changes in healthy people after caffeine consumption.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out with students of the Turgut ozal University Medical Faculty from May 15 to 15 December 2014. Enrolled in the study were 17 healthy subjects (n=17 eyes), with a median age of 24 (IQR 1), ranging between 21 and 26 years. The control group (6 females, 11 males) aged between 23 and 28 (median 25 years [IQR 4.75]). For study, one eye from each participant was randomly selected. To obviate the effect of diurnal variations, tests were performed at the same time of the day (10:00a.m.-12:00p.m.). Each subject was given an ophthalmologic examination before the study to exclude those with undiagnosed ocular disease. Version 6.0 Cirrus high-definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT) (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) was used to measure CT at the fovea, and 1500m nasal and 1500m temporal to the fovea. After baseline OCT measurements, participants were asked to have 200mg oral caffeine intake or a placebo capsule (200mg lactose powder). Two further OCT measurements were applied at the first and fourth hours of caffeine intake. All participants also had intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) measurements recorded before, first and fourth hours of caffeine intake. IOP and OPA were measured using the dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) (Swiss Micro Technology AG, Port, Switzerland).Results: The groups showed no significant difference by means of age, gender, spherical refraction and axial length (p>0.05). Baseline choroidal thickness measurements of the study and control group showed no significant difference. Oral caffeine intake caused a significant reduction in choroidal thickness compared with baseline, at all three measurement points, (p<0.05). There were no significant changes in IOP and OPA measurements compared with the baseline values (p>0.05). The choroidal thickness still continued to decrease for at least 4h following caffeine intake; whereas, the difference between 1 and 4h was not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, choroidal thicknesses, IOP and OPA values of the control group revealed no significant difference at all points when comparing measurements at baseline with 1 and 4h after placebo intake (p>0.05).Conclusions: We found no significant change in IOP and OPA following oral 200mg caffeine intake, while CT significantly decreased, for at least 4h.Öğe Effect of smoking on retina nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer complex(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Dervisogullari, Mehmet Serdar; Totan, Yuksel; Tenlik, Aylin; Yuce, Aslihan; Guler, EmrePurpose: The aim of this study is to show the effects of smoking on retina layers, especially retina nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer complex (GCIPL). Materials and methods: Participants smoking for more than 10 years at least 1 pack of cigarettes a day and a control group, both including participants between ages of 20 and 50 years with no other systemic or ocular diseases were studied. After normality tests, an independent sample t test was used to analyze the differences in age, sex, spherical equivalent (SE), intraocular pressure (IOP), axial length (AL), GCIPL and RNFL values between the groups. Results: There were 44 participants in each group. There were 32 (62.5%) men and 12(37.5%) women in smokers and 36 (77.88%) men and 8 (22.22%) women in control group. Mean ages were 39.85 +/- 8.41 and 38.66 +/- 10.47 years, mean spherical equivalent (SE) values were +/- 0.15 +/- 0.4 and 0 +/- 0.29 dioptries in smokers and control groups, respectively. The IOP, AXL, GCIPL and RNFL values were 17.58 +/- 3.41 mmHg, 23.69 +/- 0.56 mm, 84.3 +/- 5.83 mu m and 92.3 +/- 3.51 mu m in the smokers group and 18.5 +/- 2.91 mmHg, 23.45 +/- 0.72 mm, 86.11 +/- 8.02 mu m and 97.66 +/- 8.23 mu m in the control group. The inferior, superior, nasal and temporal values of RNFL quadrants were 123.18 +/- 26.14, 117.05 +/- 5.51, 64.95 +/- 8.67 and 63.5 +/- 6.88 mu m in the smokers group and 130.81 +/- 11.8, 123.55 +/- 11.03, 72.44 +/- 9.84 and 58.44 +/- 7.48 mu m in the control group. There were no significant difference of age, sex, SE, IOP, AXL and GCIPL values between the smokers and control groups (p>0.05). The mean RNFL was significantly thinner in the smokers group compared to controls (p = 0.03, independent t test). Inferior and superior quadrants of RNFL decreased in smokers group (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03, respectively) but temporal and nasal quadrants did not seem to be changed (p = 0.96 and p = 0.07, respectively). Discussion: Smoking may affect RNFL thickness but not GCIPL.Öğe Effects of cigarette smoking on choroidal and retinal thickness and ocular pulse amplitude(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Dervisogullan, Mehmet Serdar; Totan, Yuksel; Tenlik, Aylin; Yuce, AslihanBackground: In our study, we aimed to show the effects of smoking on choroidal thickness and ocular pulse amplitude. It is known that the anatomy and physiologic functions of the choroid is important in ocular diseases like glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Choroidal thickness is measured by the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) is the difference between the systolic and diastolic intraocular pressure (IOP) and it is an index of choroidal perfusion. Design: This was a cross-sectional prospective observational study at the Turgut Ozal University Hospital setting. Participants: The test subjects were divided into two groups: the smokers group which consisted in 24 participants (20 male, 4 female) and the control group with 22 participants (16 male, 6 female). Methods: The participants underwent full ophthalmological examination including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent (SE) values of refractive errors, intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular pulse amplitude (OPA), central corneal thickness (CCT), axial length (AL) and choroidal thickness. The IOP and the OPA were measured with the dynamic contour tonometer. The CCT and the AL were measured with the Nidek AL-Scan (Nidek Co., Ltd., Gamagori, Japan). The choroidal thickness was measured by the Cirrus high-definition optical coherence tomography (Cirrus Version 6.0; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA). Results: Gender did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.12). The age, SE, IOP, OPA, CCT and AL did not differ significantly in smokers and control groups (p = 0.12, p = 0.37, p = 0.54, p = 0.80, p = 0.56 and p = 0.82, respectively). The nasal, temporal, central retinal (p = 021, p = 021, p = 0.11) and nasal, temporal, central choroidal thicknesses (p = 0.80, p = 0.39, p = 0.75) did not differ significantly between smokers and control groups. Conclusions: We could not find a significant difference in OPA, retinal and choroidal thicknesses between smokers and non smokers. Further studies including histopathological changes in larger groups are needed to show the effect of smoking on choroidal thickness especially in patients with ocular diseases like age-related macular degeneration.Öğe The Efficacy and Safety of Valproic Acid in the Treatment of Retinitis Pigmentosa(Karger, 2014) Totan, Yuksel; Guler, Emre; Yuce, Aslihan; Dervisogullari, Mehmet Serdar[Abstract Not Available]
