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    Carbon Storage Potential and its Distributions in the Particle Size Fractions in Harran Plain, Turkey
    (2022) yanardağ, ibrahim halil; YANARDAG, ASUMAN BUYUKKILIC; Mermut, Ahmet Ruhi; Cano, Angel Faz
    N recent years, there has been increasing international interest in increasing and sustainably managing soil C stocks to contribute to combating climate change and support food security. In this context, determining the C storage capacity of soils and examining the distribution of soil C based on fractions is of great importance for a better understanding of C dynamics. The present study investigated the storage potential of soil organic carbon (SOC), inorganic carbon (SIC) and total carbon (TC) in 16 selected profiles, and SOC and SIC distribution in five different particle size fractions (2000-425?m, 425-150 ?m, 150-106 ?m, 106-75 ?m, <75 ?m) of the Harran plain in Turkey. The results revealed that the particle size distribution in the surface layer varied in the following order depending on soil weight: 850-250> 2000-850> 250- 150> 150-75> 75 ?m. The organic C content of the soils is low due to the semi-arid climate conditions. Fraction-based soil SOC distribution was in the following order: 11% at 2000-850 ?m, 15% at 850-250 ?m, 21% at 250-150 ?m, 23% at 150-75 ?m and <75 ?m 30%. Organic matter fractions differed according to the particle size distribution and the applicable soil management system. Stable organic matter content was significantly related to clay content and greatly influenced by the type of soil management used.
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    Heavy Metal Evaluation of Overused Commercial Fertilizers and Their Interactions with Soil Properties
    (2022) YANARDAG, ASUMAN BUYUKKILIC
    Şanlıurfa province has 36% of the agricultural areas in Turkey and 64.1% of the agricultural areas in the GAP Region. With approximately 600 000 tons of chemical fertilizer consumption in 2021, it is the province with the most fertilizer consumption in Turkey. This causes some negative and high environmental risks such as salinization in the soil, heavy metal (HM) accumulation, deterioration of nutrient balance, damage to microorganism activity, and formation of eutrophication in the region. The objective of this study was to determine the HMs (Zn, Ni, Mn, Cu, Mo, Pb, Cd) concentrations of the soils and some commercial fertilizers overused, and evaluate their interactions with soil properties. The average values of HM concentration of the soil are as follows; 32.65 and 46.88 mg kg-1 Zn; 649.03 and 730.58 mg kg-1 Mn; 79.86 and 95.54 mg kg-1 Ni; 0.15 to 0.27 mg kg-1 Cd; 0.26 and 0.97 mg kg-1 Mo; 8.54 and 18.67 mg kg-1 Pb; 19.45-25.37 mg kg-1 Cu. HM contents of some fertilizers were found to be very high in this study. This causes an increase in the HM concentration in the soil. HMs concentrations of several soil samples exceeded the threshold level of Europe standards except for Ni, Mo, and Mn. Study results can help the authorities to develop effective fertilizer management strategies for the Harran Plain, which has once again revealed the necessity of applying agricultural activities such as fertilization with a fertilization program prepared under expert control according to the results of soil analysis.
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    Soil chemistry in apricot cultivation: evaluation of C and N dynamics by PCA and correlation analysis
    (2025) YANARDAG, ASUMAN BUYUKKILIC
    This study uses statistical methods to analyze soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics in four different apricot growing regions (Battalgazi, Akçadağ, Doğanşehir and Hekimhan) in Malatya. Correlation analysis, hierarchical clustering (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied to examine the relationships between soil organic matter (OM), soluble carbon (Soluble C), biomass nitrogen (Biomass N), total nitrogen (N) and other soil chemical parameters. According to the results obtained, a strong positive correlation (r = 0.67) was found between organic matter (OM) and total nitrogen (N), indicating that the organic matter content in the soil contributes directly to the nitrogen mineralization process. Positive correlations were found between soluble carbon (Soluble C) and biomass carbon (Biomass C) and N, indicating that microbial activity and carbon cycling in soil are directly related to nitrogen dynamics. In PCA analysis, the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained 82.1% of the total variance. The PC1 axis is related to soil macronutrients (C, N, K, P) and organic matter content, while the PC2 axis is related to lime (CaCO?), pH and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn). When the regional distribution is analyzed, Battalgazi and Doğanşehir show similar chemical characteristics, while Hekimhan is differentiated by high pH and lime content. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) shows that Battalgazi and Doğanşehir have similar soil characteristics, but Akçadağ and especially Hekimhan have different soil composition. Hekimhan's high CaCO? content and alkaline pH level may negatively affect productivity by suppressing organic matter and nitrogen levels. The results of this study can contribute to the development of soil management strategies in apricot farming in Malatya. In particular, organic matter management, pH regulation strategies and optimization of macro/micro nutrient balance are needed. A detailed study of C and N cycles is a critical step for sustainable soil management and improving the productivity of apricot production.