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    A neglected cause for chronic spontaneous urticaria in children: Helicobacter pylori
    (Elsevier Doyma Sl, 2015) Akelma, A. Z.; Cizmeci, M. N.; Mete, E.; Tufan, N.; Bozkurt, B.
    Background: The aetiology of chronic urticaria is usually considered idiopathic. There is a paucity of research both on the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the aetiology of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CU) in children and also on which patients H. pylori should be investigated. Methods: All paediatric and adult patients who presented to the allergy outpatient clinic due to CU between January 2011 and July 2012 were included in this prospective, randomised study. Stool samples from all patients were examined for the H. pylon antigen. Paediatric and adult patients who had a positive stool test for the H. pylori antigen were reassessed following eradication therapy. Results: Thirty-two children with CU and 35 adults with CU were enrolled in the study. Ten of the 32 (31.2%) children and 18 of the 35 (51.4%) adults were H. pylori positive (p = 0.09). All children with positive-H. pylori were older than eight years of age. There was a significant positive correlation between age and the frequency of H. pylori infection (p < 0.001; r = 0.61). The presence of H. pylori was not significantly associated with the presence of GI (gastrointestinal) symptoms (p > 0.05). Following H. pylori eradication, urticarial symptoms recovered in 15 of the adults (83.3%) and 10 of the paediatric (100%) patients (p = 0.172). Conclusion: In the current study we found that H. pylori is common among children with CU, particularly after eight years of age. We suggest that CU patients with an unknown aetiology should be routinely screened for H. pylon even if they do not present with GI symptoms and that those with H. pylori-positive results may receive treatment. (C) 2013 SEICAP Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
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    Level of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in childhood asthma
    (Elsevier Doyma Sl, 2015) Akelma, A. Z.; Kanburoglu, M. K.; Cizmeci, M. N.; Mete, E.; Catal, F.; Tufan, N.
    Background: The role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in childhood asthma remains unknown. This study aimed to measure the serum levels of NGAL in children with asthma and to investigate the correlation between NGAL and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), a good indicator of airway remodeling in children with asthma. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 children. Serum NGAL and TGF-beta 1 concentrations were measured by the ELISA method. Complete blood count, high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and total serum IgE were investigated in the study population. Atopy in the asthma group was investigated using a skin prick test and specific IgE measurements. Results: Forty-three asthmatic children and 32 healthy children were enrolled in the study. Total eosinophil numbers, white blood cell count, total serum IgE levels and ECP levels were significantly higher in the asthma group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Similarly, serum TGF-beta 1 levels were significantly higher in children with asthma (p = 0.012). The difference in NGAL levels between the groups was insignificant (p = 0.268). NGAL levels did not show a significant correlation with total IgE, ECP, eosinophil numbers and TGF-beta 1 levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: As a conclusion, while elevated TGF-beta 1 levels in children with asthma might be regarded as an indicator of airway remodeling, we did not find a similar prediction strength for NGAL. Further studies are required to better identify the role of NGAL in childhood asthma and to determine its potential use as a clinical marker. (C) 2013 SEICAR Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.