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Öğe A Comprehensive Analysis of Fractal Geometry in the Interior Architecture of the Astana Grand Mosque(Ebru Bagci, 2025) Moralı, Gülru; Topsakal, YunusIn recent years, there has been a significant academic interest in the relationship between fractals and social networks. Both systems demonstrate complex, self-organizing patterns, making them a subject of fascination. Fractals, characterized by self-repeating geometric shapes, and social networks, which depict intricate connections among individuals or entities, share structural dynamics that are worth exploring. This research aims to investigate these parallels, with a particular emphasis on the implications of fractal patterns in various disciplines like architecture and sociology. A focal point of the study is the application of fractal geometry in the interior design of a mosque that was nominated for a prestigious Guinness award. The research examines how fractals are utilized in this case, to create visually captivating designs and to symbolize deeper spiritual and social connections. By analysing this example, the research contributes to the broader understanding of the interdisciplinary nature of fractals and their potential impact across diverse fields such as physics, architecture, and social theory. Additionally, a fictional element is incorporated to further illustrate these concepts. © 2025, Ebru Bagci. All rights reserved.Öğe Delphi Models(CABI International, 2025) Topsakal, YunusThis chapter aims to offer in-depth perspectives on Delphi models and their implementation in various research projects and publications within the tourism and hospitality industries. This chapter explores the definition, origins, advantages, and limitations of Delphi models. It also provides an overview of the methodology, context, and main outcomes of studies related to Delphi models in tourism and hospitality. Moreover, it presents potential future uses of Delphi models within the tourism sector. In the concluding section, the chapter addresses how artificial intelligence technologies, such as ChatGPT, machine learning, augmented reality, and virtual reality, can play a role in advancing and improving the application of Delphi models in diverse tourism environments. © CAB International 2026.Öğe Ecotourism Destination Brand Development for Managing Overtourism: A Brand Proposal For Mugla, Turkey(IGI Global, 2025) Topsakal, Yunus; I˙çöz, Onur; I˙çöz, OrhanEcotourism destination branding is a dynamic concept that combines the principles of sustainable tourism with strategic marketing efforts to promote and safeguard natural and cultural resources and managing overtourism. The purpose of this research is to establish a comprehensive branding proposal for Muğla to manage overtourism, a region widely recognized for its exceptional natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. The introduction will cover the fundamental aspects of ecotourism, including its definitions, principles, and significance in the context of sustainable development. A thorough literature review will explore various dimensions of ecotourism, and examining global trends. This will entail a meticulous examination of destination branding, emphasizing key concepts, strategies, and the role of branding in enhancing the appeal and competitiveness of ecotourism destinations. The proposal for Muğla will be carefully crafted, focusing on five key stages. © 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing.Öğe Mobil Otel Rezervasyon Uygulaması Tasarımının Kullanıcı Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkilerine Yönelik Bütünleşik Bir Teorik Çerçeve: Oteller Perspektifi(Selcuk University, 2026) Topsakal, Yunus; Önder, İremBu çalışma, mobil otel rezervasyon uygulamalarının turizm ve hizmet sektörü içerisindeki rolünü inceleyerek, bu dijital platformların uluslararası bağlamda kullanıcı davranışını nasıl şekillendirdiğine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, otel yöneticilerinin mobil rezervasyon uygulamalarına yönelik algılarını ortaya koymak ve bu algıların kullanıcı deneyimi, memnuniyet ve turizm sektöründeki stratejik karar alma süreçleriyle nasıl ilişkilendiğini belirlemektir. Çalışmada kullanıcı davranışının temel belirleyicileri; teknolojik (kullanım kolaylığı, fayda, uygulama kalitesi), psikolojik (algılanan kontrol, güven, gizlilik, risk alma) ve davranışsal çıktılar (memnuniyet, sadakat, ağızdan ağıza iletişim) olarak kavramsallaştırılmıştır. Yönetici algılarının, teknolojik tasarımın davranışsal sonuçlara dönüşümünü aracılık eden yorumlayıcı bir katman olarak ele alınması, çalışmanın teknoloji kabulü ve hizmet deneyimi modellerine uluslararası otel yönetimi bağlamında katkı sağlamasına imkân tanımaktadır. Araştırmada nitel, fenomenolojik bir yaklaşım benimsenmiş ve Türkiye’deki on iki otel ile ABD’deki on iki otelden toplam 24 yöneticiyle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Açık kodlama, tema geliştirme ve ülkeler arası karşılaştırma süreçlerini içeren tematik analiz yöntemi kullanılarak ortak ve farklı algılar ortaya konulmuştur. Bulgular, iyi tasarlanmış mobil rezervasyon uygulamalarının misafir memnuniyetini önemli ölçüde artırdığını, rezervasyon süreçlerini kolaylaştırdığını ve turizm sektöründe sadakat ile doğrudan satışların artmasına katkı sağladığını göstermektedir. Her iki ülkedeki yöneticiler sorunsuz bir kullanıcı deneyiminin önemini vurgularken, Türkiye’deki katılımcılar dijital süreçlere karşı daha yüksek düzeyde direnç ve insan hataları ile sistem kaynaklı hatalara yönelik daha güçlü endişeler dile getirerek dijital hazırlık açısından bölgesel farklılıklara işaret etmiştir.
Öğe Mobile Hotel Reservation Application Users’ Attitudes: M-Service Quality, Technology Acceptance, and Personalization-Privacy-Risk Theory(Publishing India Group, 2025) Topsakal, Yunus; Önder, İremThe study examines attitudes towards mobile hotel reservation apps in the United States (U.S.) and the Republic of Türkiye (T.R.) through the lenses of the technology acceptance model, mobile service quality, and personalization-privacy-risk taking. Initially, a pilot study was conducted with 59 participants. Subsequently, the final survey was distributed to a total of 1,612 participants, comprising 809 U.S. citizens and 803 T.R. citizens. The sample selection criteria included individuals who had previously used mobile hotel reservation apps as well as those who currently utilize them. Analyses for both countries revealed significant differences across six hypotheses. For T.R. participants, the hypotheses concerning the relationship between perceived usefulness and satisfaction, along with the relationship between privacy and satisfaction, were supported, whereas they were not supported for U.S. participants. Conversely, hypotheses regarding the relationship between interface quality and trust, interface quality and satisfaction, information quality and trust, and personalization and satisfaction were not supported for T.R. participants but were supported for U.S. participants. This study offers a novel approach by integrating the technology acceptance model, mobile service quality, and personalization-privacy-risk taking perspectives to explore attitudes towards mobile hotel reservation apps in both the U.S. and T.R. © Copyright IJHTSÖğe The mobile app frontier in the hotel sector: App-solutely essential?(Universidade de Aveiro, 2025) Topsakal, YunusThis study aims to investigate the benefits, challenges, opportunities, and risks of mobile app technology in the hotel sector. Data was collected through interviews with twelve managers from 5-star hotels operating in Turkey. The collected data was analysed to explore the advantages, obstacles, prospects, and potential risks related to the adoption of mobile app technology. In this study, a kappa analysis was performed by two experts in the field who coded the interview data. The resulting value was 0.77, indicating a high level of agreement among the findings. The study revealed various opportunities such as personalised customer experiences, improved efficiency, and enhanced communication through mobile apps in hotels. However, it also identified challenges like technical issues, concerns about data security, obstacles to adoption, and staff adaptation. Furthermore, potential risks such as reduced traditional interactions and technological glitches underscore the need for careful consideration. This research delves into the complex landscape of mobile application technology within the hotel sector, uncovering its potential for transformation, navigating challenges, and highlighting key opportunities while addressing associated risks meticulously. © 2025, Universidade de Aveiro. All rights reserved.Öğe Theory of Change(CABI International, 2025) Topsakal, YunusThis chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of theory of change (ToC) and its applications in tourism and hospitality research. It offers a clear definition of ToC, along with its origins, strengths, and weaknesses. The chapter also breaks down the key components of ToC, including resources (inputs), interventions (activities), outputs, outcomes, impacts, and assumptions, illustrated with relevant examples. Additionally, it summarizes the methodology, context, and key findings from publications related to ToC in the tourism and hospitality sectors. Finally, the chapter explores the potential future applications of the ToC model within the tourism context. © CAB International 2026.Öğe Understanding the continuous intention to use of tourism technologies: a proposed model based on privacy calculus theory(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Topsakal, Yunus; Yuzbasioglu, NedimThe objective of this research is to identify the effects of factors (perceived control, trust, perceived risk, perceived benefit, privacy concerns, and subjective norms) on the continuous intention to use tourism technologies, within the framework of Privacy Calculus Theory and to propose an integrated model by examining the relationships among these factors. Data collection was conducted via Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) involving 700 U.S. adults, resulting in a final sample of 495 responses after data refinement. This process ensured high data quality through the establishment of participant criteria and detailed explanations of tourism technologies. Statistical analyses were performed using SmartPLS-4. The study revealed that perceived control and trust did not significantly reduce perceived risk, and perceived risk did not negatively influence the continuous intention to use tourism technologies. However, perceived benefits and subjective norms positively impacted the continuous intention to use. Additionally, privacy concerns heightened perceived risk but did not diminish the intention to use. These findings underscore the critical roles of perceived benefits and subjective norms in shaping users' ongoing engagement with tourism technologies.
