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Öğe Determining the Relationship Between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Attitudes Toward Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Patients With Cancer(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2023) Akkus, Yeliz; Menekli, TugbaDisease-related uncertainty and the factors associated with uncertainty in patients with cancer have not been adequately investigated. This study aimed to determine the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and attitudes toward complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in patients with cancer. This cross-sectional descriptive study included 351 patients treated in the oncology clinic of a university hospital. All participants completed the Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire (HCAMQ) and the 12-item Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS-12). Most patients (84.3%) said that they had information about CAM, 39.7% reported obtaining this information from their social environment, 83.2% said that they believed that CAM methods are effective, and 76.0% reported not telling health care professionals about their CAM use. Mean IUS-12 and HCAMQ total scores were 46.53 & PLUSMN; 2.05 and 32.11 & PLUSMN; 2.32, respectively, and showed a weak negative correlation. The patients in our study showed high intolerance of uncertainty and a moderately positive attitude toward CAM, and most patients did not notify health care professionals of their CAM use. Therefore, we recommend assessing intolerance of uncertainty and CAM use in this patient group. By identifying patients experiencing uncertainty and seeking different treatment, nurses can support patients physiologically, psychologically, and socially, and can explain the effects of CAM use.Öğe Effect of neuro-linguistic programming on COVID-19 fear in kidney transplant patients: A randomized controlled study(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Dogan, Aysel; Dogan, Runida; Menekli, Tugba; Berktas, Haci BayramThis study was conducted experimentally to evaluate the effect of neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) on fear of COVID-19 in kidney transplant patients. The study was carried out between June 2021 and October 2021. The Personal Information Form and COVID-19 Fear Scale (FCV-19S) were used to collect data. The obtained data obtained were evaluated using the SPSS 25 software. NLP was found to reduce the fear of COVID-19 in kidney transplant patients. Clinical nurses can use NLP techniques to support patients with fear in similar patient groups. Patients can be provided with access to training programs where they can learn NLP techniques. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05115435.Öğe Investigation of COVID-19 fear, treatment compliance, and metabolic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus during the pandemic(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Menekli, Tugba; Yaprak, Bulent; Tureyen, Aynur; Senturk, SibelAims: This study was carried out to investigate fear levels, treatment compliance, and metabolic control of type II Diabetes Mellitus patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: The study employed a single-center, observational design and was conducted between January and April 2021. The study consisted of 303 patients who attended the internal medicine outpatient clinic of a uni-versity hospital in Turkey. For data collection, the Patient Identification Form, COVID-19 Fear Scale, and the Type II Diabetes Treatment Compliance Scale were used. The study complied with the Helsinki Declaration criteria. IBM SPSS v25.0 statistics package program was used for data analysis.Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.8 +/- 7.5 years, the mean duration of illness was 8.2 +/- 3.6 years. Moreover, 40.6% of patients presented with poor levels of treatment compliance. In addition, the mean FCV-19S score of the patients was 29.1 +/- 3.05. It was noticeable that those with high mean scores of FCV-19S had poor compliance with treatment and metabolic control during the pandemic (p < 0.05). Practice implications: Fear of COVID-19 negatively affects treatment compliance and metabolic control of type II diabetes patients. The patients avoided attending their regular follow-ups at the hospital due to fear of con-tracting COVID-19. In order to reduce the fear of COVID-19 it is paramount to maintain optimum metabolic control and treatment compliance.Öğe Kemoterapi Alan Kanser Hastalarının Taburculuk Öncesi Öğrenim Gereksinimlerininin Belirlenmesi: Tanımlayıcı/Kesitsel Bir Çalışma(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2022) Menekli, Tugbau çalışmanın amacı; kanser hastalarının taburculuk öncesi öğrenim gereksinimlerini belirlemektir. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki bu çalışma, onkoloji kliniğinde tedavi gören 106 hasta ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, “Hasta Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Hasta Gereksinimleri Ölçeği” ile elde edildi. Veri analizi, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann Whitney U Testi, Kruskal Wallis ve Linear Regresyon ile yapıldı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 40.94±4.25’dir. Araştırmada; hastaların aldıkları toplam ölçek puan ortalamasının 188.41 ± 20.51 olduğu belirlendi. Ölçeğe ait tüm alt boyut puan ortalamalarının yüksek (ilaçlar; 35.78 ± 4.05, yaşam aktiviteleri; 29.63 ± 2.88, toplum ve izlem; 19.40 ± 2.36, duruma ilişkin duygular; 18.17 ± 3.55, tedavi ve komplikasyonlar; 36.90 ± 3.00, yaşam kalitesi; 34.15 ± 3.76, cilt bakımı; 16.38 ± 3.24) olduğu saptandı. Cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim düzeyi, gelir durumu, hastalık tanısı ve hastalık süresi ile toplam puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu bulundu (p<0.05). Hastaların taburculuk öncesi öğrenim gereksinimlerinin yüksek düzeyde olduğu saptandı. Hemşirelerin taburculuk öncesi hasta öğrenim gereksinimlerini belirlenmesi ve bireye özgü eğitimler planlanması ve uygulanması önerilmektedir.Öğe Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Body Mass Index, and Quality of Life Among Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis(Ivano-Frankivsk Natl Medical Univ, 2026) Alatap, Hacer; Arslan, Nurgul; Menekli, Tugba; Sonmez, EceIntroduction. Young adulthood is a critical period for establishing dietary habits. This study examined associations among Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence, body mass index (BMI), and quality of life (QoL) in university students. Methods. A total of 729 students aged 18-30 years were assessed for MD adherence (MEDAS), QoL (SF-36), and anthropometrics. Associations were evaluated using regression analyses and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results. Among 729 university students (mean age 21.3 +/- 2.1 years; 59.1% female), females had higher MEDAS scores than males (7.2 +/- 2.0 vs. 6.5 +/- 2.2; p < 0.001). Higher MEDAS scores were positively associated with SF-36 physical (B = 1.85) and mental health (B = 1.47), while higher BMI was inversely associated with both domains (physical: B = -0.95; mental: B = -0.78; all p < 0.001). SEM showed acceptable model fit and explained 21% of the variance in the MEDAS, 27% in physical health, and 23% in mental health. Conclusions. Greater MD adherence is associated with better QoL and lower BMI in young adults, supporting the potential value of MD-based dietary behaviors.Öğe Obstructive lung diseases(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2023) Menekli, Tugba; Yilmaz, Feride T.; Demirci, Pinar Y.Obstructive lung disease is a category of lung disease characterized by difficulty exhaling air from the lungs due to airway obstruction. Obstruction can be caused by many factors, including inflammation, mucus accumulation, bronchial constriction, or damage to lung tissue. Some common types of obstructive lung disease include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis. Treatment for these diseases often includes medications that reduce inflammation and open the airways, O2 therapy, lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, and avoiding environmental trigger. © 2023 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Onkolojik Aciller ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi: Vena Kava Süperior Sendromu(2022) Menekli, Tugba; DOĞAN, FERHANKanserli hastalarda görülen, doğrudan kansere veya uygulanan tedavilere bağlı olarak gelişebilen onkolojik aciller tüm sistemlerle ilgili olarak ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Onkolojik aciller ilk tanı anında görülebileceği gibi, ileri dönemlerde hastalığın progresyon gösterdiği evrede veya uygulanan tedavilerin bir komplikasyonu olarak gelişebilmektedir. Zamanında ve doğru tedavi edilmedikçe ciddi sorunlara neden olmakta ve yaşamı tehdit etmektedir. Vena Kava Süperior Sendromu yaşamı tehdit eden önemli onkolojik acillerden biridir. Vena Kava Süperior Sendromu; baş, boyun, kollar ve üst torakstan gelen kanı sağ atriuma boşaltan vena kava dolaşımının obstrüksiyon nedeniyle kesintiye uğraması ve buna bağlı gelişen klinik semptomlar bütünüdür. Vena Kava Süperior Sendromu riski açısından hastalar değerlendirilerek hastaya destekleyici bakım verilmelidir. Bu noktada onkolojik acillerde onkoloji hemşiresinin bakımı koordine etmede rolü çok önemlidir. Bu derlemede, onkolojik acillerde Vena Kava Süperior Sendromu ve hemşirelik yönetiminin önemi ve yeri açıklanmaktadır.Öğe Pain behaviors and hemodynamic parameters of intubated and sedatized intensive care patients during aspiration(2021) Menekli, Tugba; Doğan, Runida; YAPRAK, BÜLENTThe study was conducted in a descriptive type to evaluate the pain behavior and hemodynamic parameters during aspiration of intubated and mildly sedatized patients in the intensive care unit. The study sample consisted of 100 intubated and sedatized patients who were hospitalized in the Anesthesia Intensive Care Unit of Harran University Faculty of Medicine Hospital between February 2018 and June 2018. \"Patient Information Form\", \"Hemodynamic Parameter Form\", \"Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS)\", \"Ramsay Sedation Scale\" and \"Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)\" were used to collect the data. There is a significant difference between the BPS total and subscale scores, mean \"systolic and diastolic blood pressure\", \"heart rate\", \"respiratory rate\" and \"SpO2\" before, during and after aspiration (p=0.0001), it was determined that the difference was due to the average score after aspiration (p=0.0001). While the SpO2 averages of intubated and sedatized intensive care patients decrease during aspiration, the averages of the BPS scores and other hemodynamic parameters increase.Öğe Relationship Between Death Anxiety and Religious Attitude in Patients Awaiting Kidney Transplantation in Turkiye(Springer, 2026) Senturk, Sibel; Menekli, TugbaThis study aimed to explore the relationship between death anxiety and religious attitudes in patients awaiting kidney transplantation. This descriptive and cross sectional study was conducted with 400 individuals awaiting kidney transplantation who presented for examination at the Bone Marrow Transplantation Center polyclinic in a province of T & uuml;rkiye. Data were obtained using the Patient Information Form, Templer Death Anxiety Scale (TDAS), and Ok-Religious Attitude Scale (Islam) (ORASI). It was determined that 53.3% of the patients were male, 43.7% had been on dialysis for 5-8 years, and 49.2% had been waiting for a kidney transplant for 1-3 years. It was determined that the patients' total ORASI average was 30.73 +/- 3.86 (high level), and the TDAS score average was 8.02 +/- 1.64 (medium level). A high-level negative correlation was found between the total mean score of the ORASI and the total mean score of the TDAS (r:-0.642; p < 0.01). It was determined that the total ORASI score significantly predicted the level of TDAS (beta = -.880, t = 4.18, p < .001). As patients' death anxiety increases, their religious attitudes decrease. A multidisciplinary team approach should be taken to help patients awaiting kidney transplantation cope with their fear of death, including religious leaders in their care.Öğe The Effect of Delirium Knowledge Level Among Intensive Care Patients' Relatives on Family Care Satisfaction: A Cross-Sectional Study(Galenos Publ House, 2026) Menekli, TugbaAim: Delirium affects 20-80% of intensive care unit (ICU) patients and significantly impacts family members' psychological well-being and care satisfaction. However, the relationship between family members' delirium knowledge and their satisfaction with ICU care remains understudied. This study investigated the association between ICU patients' relatives' delirium knowledge levels and their care satisfaction, while identifying key predictors of family satisfaction. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and April 2024 at Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Malatya, T & uuml;rkiye. The study included 305 family members of ICU patients hospitalized for >= 48 hours. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling from four ICUs (internal medicine, coronary, neurology, and medical oncology). Data collection instruments included: Caregiver Characteristics Form, Caregiver Intensive Care Delirium Knowledge Questionnaire-Turkish Version (CIDKQ-T), and Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit scale (FS-ICU-24). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient/Spearman's rank correlation, and multiple linear regression. Results: Participants demonstrated moderate delirium knowledge (CIDKQ-T mean: 11.62 +/- 2.54, range: 0-21) and moderate ICU care satisfaction (FS-ICU-24 mean: 52.14 +/- 14.48, range: 0-100). Strong positive correlations were found between delirium knowledge and all FS-ICU-24 dimensions: total satisfaction (r=0.60, p<0.001), care satisfaction (r=0.45, p<0.001), decision-making satisfaction (r=0.53, p<0.001), and information satisfaction (r=0.48, p<0.001). Multiple regression analysis (R-2=0.36, F (7.142) = 12.85, p<0.001) identified delirium knowledge as the strongest predictor of family satisfaction (beta=0.42, p<0.001), followed by university education (beta=0.31, p=0.002), presence of neurological disease (beta=0.28, p=0.004), and female gender (beta=0.25, p=0.008). Longer hospitalization (10-13 days) negatively affected satisfaction (beta=-0.22, p=0.018). Conclusion: Family members' delirium knowledge significantly predicts their ICU care satisfaction, explaining 36% of the variance in satisfaction scores. These findings support implementing structured delirium education programs for families as part of family-centered ICU care protocols.Öğe The Effect of Educational Intervention on Care Dependency and Symptom Management After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Theory-Based Randomized Controlled Study(Ivano-Frankivsk Natl Medical Univ, 2021) Menekli, Tugba; Yaprak, BulentThe objective of the research was to determine the effect of educational intervention based on Bandura's Social Cognitive Learning Theory on care dependency and symptom management after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods. This randomized controlled trial was conducted between January 2019 and February 2020 at the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups: 53 individuals in the intervention group and 53 individuals in the control group. The sociodemographic data collection form, the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale and the Care Dependency Scale were used for data collection. Data were collected from the patients one day after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 12 weeks later. Results. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups regarding the mean scores of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale and the Care Dependency Scale at baseline. Twelve weeks after intervention, there were statistically significant differences between the groups regarding the mean scores of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale and the Care Dependency Scale. Conclusions. Educational intervention along with telephone counseling based on Bandura's theory was found to be an effective way to reduce symptom severity and care dependency in patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and is recommended for all patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Öğe The Effects of Taste Changes on the Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Chemotherapy Treatment(2023) DOLU, Sevim; Menekli, TugbaAim: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of taste changes on quality of life in cancer patients taking chemotherapy Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted between January 2020 and September 2020 with cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in the inpatient and outpatient unit of a university hospital. The sample consisted of 466 cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria and received the same treatment at the same university hospital. Data were collected using the Introductory Information Form, the European Organization for Cancer Research and Treatment Quality of Life Scale Version 3 (EORTC QLQ-C30 Version 3.0), and the Chemotherapy-Induced Taste Change Scale (CiTAS). Results: While the mean total score of EORTC QLQ-C30 was 62.97±13.31, the mean total score of CiTAS was found to be 40.43±17.84. Statistically significant correlations were found between total scores of EORTC QLQ-C30 and CiTAS scales and sub-dimension scores (p<0.001). In the regression analysis, it was found that the EORTC QLQ-C30 total score average of the individuals had a statistically significant and negative effect on the CiTAS total score average. Conclusion: As a consequence, it was determined that taste changes in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy treatment negatively affect the quality of life.Öğe The Relationship Between Anxiety and Adverse Events During Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study(Ibn Sina Trust, 2024) Erturk, Nuriye Efe; Menekli, TugbaObjective Anxiety, negatively affects the response to transplantation and the recovery process after transplantation. Anxiety prevalence is high pre and post transplantation but no information is known about during transplantation. This study was conducted to determine anxiety and adverse events during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and to explain the association between these two conditions. Methods The sample consisted of 93 patients with cancer who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at the Bone Marrow Transplant Centre in Turkiye. The data were collected using a patient information form and the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S). Significance between the descriptive characteristics of the participants and the scale was calculated using a one-way ANOVA and Student -T test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of adverse events on the level of anxiety. Results We found that there was a significant difference between the variables of age (F = 2.497 p = 0.020), gender, years after diagnosis (F= 1.381 p = 0.035), the state of believing that transplant will be successful and previous transplant history, and the STAI-S mean score. The Nagelkerke R2 value of the model was 0.167. The goodness of fit of the model was assessed using Hosmer and Lemeshow's test (X2= 8.900, p = 0.203). When analyzing the adverse events during HSCT that affected the occurrence of anxiety, we found that nausea and vomiting increased the anxiety score by 6.1 -fold (6: 0.613, p = 0.010), abdominal pain by 4.4 -fold (6: 0.449, p = 0.030), and tachycardia by 2.6 -fold (6: 0.267, p = 0.020). Conclusions The results of this study showed that patients experienced nausea and vomiting, hypertension and abdominal pain during stem cell transplantation, respectively; anxiety level was above the moderate level; nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and palpitations increased anxiety. Preventing anxiety during stem cell transplant can reduce adverse effects depend on HSCT.Öğe The Relationship between Attitudes of Relatives of Terminal Stage Patients towards Death and Principles about Dying with Dignity(2022) Menekli, Tugba; Şentürk, SibelAim: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the attitudes of the relatives of terminal stage patients towards death and principles about dying with dignity. Material and Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 308 patient relatives between 20 December 2021 and 21 March 2022. The data were collected using a “Patient Information Form”, ‘Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R)’ and ‘Assessment Scale of Attitudes towards Principles about Dying with Dignity’ (ASAPDD). Descriptive statistics, Student t test, One-Way ANOVA test, Kruskal Wallis test, Mann Whitney-U test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of the relatives of the patients participating in the study was 34.88±2.32, 86.0% were female. 38.6% of the relatives of the patients stated that the patient in the intensive care unit was their mother/father, and 44.1% stated that the patient stayed in the intensive care unit for 3-7 days. The mean DAP-R total score was 107.30±25.1 and the ASAPDD total score was 30.62±10.70. A positive and highly significant relationship was found between DAP-R and ASAPDD. Conclusions: It was determined that as the attitudes of the relatives of the patients towards death became negative, the level of adopting the principles about die with dignity increased. Health professionals should provide death counseling to the relatives of patients in order to increase the quality of life of patients in the terminal period.Öğe THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYPOGLYCEMIC CONFIDENCE AND HYPOGLYCEMIA FEAR IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS(2022) Menekli, Tugba; Şentürk, SibelObjective: This study aims to identify the relationship between hypoglycemic confidence and hypoglycemia fear in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Method: Designed as a descriptive and cross-sectional study, this research was conducted with 306 type 2 diabetes patients who visited the diabetes polyclinic to have an examination in period December 2021 and February 2022. The research data were collected by using the “Patient Identification Form”, the “Hypoglycemic Confidence Scale”, and the “Hypoglycemia Fear Survey”. Descriptive statistics, the Independent Samples t-test, the One-Way ANOWA test, the Pearson’s correlation test, and the linear regression analysis were used in the evaluation of research data. Results: In the research, 60.8% of the participant type 2 diabetes patients were female, their mean age was 55.14±8.10 years, and their mean duration of having the disease was 10.35±4.77 years. Means of type 2 diabetes patients’ Hypoglycemic Confidence Scale (HCS)’ score 1.65±0.47 and ‘Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (HFS)’ scores were 3.02±0.56 points. Type 2 diabetes patients’ HCS scores had moderately negative relationships with scores obtained by them from the HFS and its Behavior Sub-scale and Worry Sub-scale (pÖğe The Relationships between the Pain Beliefs and Coping Strategies of Palliative Care Patients(2021) Menekli, Tugba; Doğan, Runida; ERCE, ÇİĞDEM; atik, deryaBACKGROUND/AIMS This descriptive study aims to determine the relationships between the pain beliefs and coping strategies of palliative care patients. MATERIAL and METHODS This study was conducted in the Malatya Training and Research Hospital Palliative Care Clinic from March 10, 2019 to June 10, 2019. The sample consisted of 138 inpatients. The data were collected using a personal information form, the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire, the Pain Coping Questionnaire, and the Palliative Performance Scale. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18.0 (IBM SPSS Corp.; Armonk, NY, USA) software was used to analyze the data. The required ethical approvals were obtained. RESULTS The patients’ mean age was 59.01 6 9.38. Of them, 65.1% were female, and 89.7% were married. Of the patients, 56.3% had completed primary school, and 75.3% were unemployed. Of the patients, 70.5% believed that pain is controlled by God. Their mean organic beliefs score was 3.04 6 0.38, and their mean psychological beliefs score was 4.83 6 1.00. Their mean scores for self-management, helplessness, conscious cognitive attempts, and medical remedies were 19.07 6 5.18, 10.72 6 3.00, 13.85 6 4.05, and 11.54 6 3.08, respectively. Their organic beliefs scores had a negative relationship with self-management scores (P < .001, r ¼ –392) and conscious cognitive attempts scores (P < .001, r ¼ –.350), and they had a positive weak relationship with helplessness scores (P < .001, r ¼ .380). CONCLUSION The pain beliefs of patients in palliative care affect their ability to cope with pain. The planning and implementation of nursing pain management interventions should consider the relationships between the pain beliefs and pain coping strategies of patients.Öğe The value of YouTube in dialysis education: A systematic quality analysis(Sage Publications Ltd, 2026) Menekli, Tugba; Dolanbay, TurgutObjectives and Background: Digital platforms, particularly YouTube, are increasingly used to deliver home dialysis education. However, the quality and reliability of these videos varies substantially, raising concerns regarding patient safety, treatment adherence and the continuing education of healthcare professionals. This study aimed to evaluate the educational value of YouTube dialysis training videos by assessing their accuracy, audiovisual quality, scientific consistency and instructional effectiveness. Design and Methods: A systematic search of YouTube was conducted between 22 October and 22 November 2025, using the keywords Dialysis Education, Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis. Videos lasting longer than one minute, with adequate audiovisual clarity and explicit educational purpose, were included. In total, 102 videos met the inclusion criteria. Three independent reviewers evaluated each video using DISCERN, JAMA benchmarks, the Global Quality Scale (GQS) and the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT). Statistical analyses examined the associations between educational quality and video characteristics such as uploader type, country of origin, duration and presence of verbal narration. Results: Of the 102 videos analysed, 40.2% were uploaded by individuals and 59.8% by institutions. DISCERN classification revealed very low (13.7%), low (26.5%), moderate (30.4%), high (26.5%) and very high (2.9%) quality videos. Institutional uploads demonstrated significantly higher educational quality and reliability than individual uploads (p < .001). Videos uploaded in the USA scored higher across all metrics. Longer videos (>10 minutes) and those including verbal explanations were associated with significantly higher DISCERN, JAMA, GQS and PEMAT scores (p < .05). Popularity indicators, such as subscriber numbers and views, showed weak correlations with quality. Conclusion: YouTube provides accessible dialysis education, yet content quality remains inconsistent. It was observed that institutional and US-uploaded videos generally were perceived as having higher educational quality, and that longer video duration supported by spoken/oral explanations were associated with greater instructional effectiveness. Ongoing evaluation of online materials is essential to ensure accuracy, reliability and pedagogical quality.
