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Molecular Mechanism of the Protective Effect of Tianeptine Against Ketamine-Induced Cardiac Injury in Rats
(2021-10-26) Yıldız, Sevler; Uğur, Kerim; Taş, Hakan; Özçiçek, Fatih; Kuyrukluyıldız, Ufuk; Mendil, Ali; Çankaya, Murat; Mamedov, Renad; Süleyman, Halis
Ketamine is a short-acting anesthetic drug that is derived from phencyclidine. Ketamine is used to treat depression and chronic pain disorders, as well as for anesthesia, analgesia, and sedation. Ketamine’s sympathomimetic characteristic causes cardiotoxicity. The pathophysiology of ketamine’s harmful impact has been linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1 beta (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?). Tianeptine is an antidepressant that works similarly to tricyclic antidepressants. According to studies, tianeptine reduces the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as ROS, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-?. Tianeptine has a sympatholytic action as well. All of this evidence suggests that tianeptine might help to reduce ketamine cardiotoxicity. The goal of our research is to use biochemical and histological techniques to see how tianeptine affects ketamine-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.