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Öğe Acute changes in postural stability during Instagram Reels viewing using virtual reality-based posturography(Frontiers Media Sa, 2026) Korkmaz, Hanifi; Tok, Yasin; Alkahtani, Rania; Alsaleh, Hadeel; Elbeltagy, ReemShort-form video platforms such as Instagram Reels deliver continuous high-visual-flow stimulation that imposes substantial visual-cognitive load even in the absence of active motor interaction, yet their impact on postural control remains largely unexplored. This study examined whether passive Instagram Reels viewing acutely alters postural stability in healthy adolescents and young adults, and whether addiction severity and habitual use patterns modulate this effect. Regular Instagram users aged 16-21 years completed virtual reality-based static posturography before and during passive Instagram Reels viewing (i.e., viewing short-form, algorithm-driven video content without active user interaction such as scrolling or screen contact). Instagram addiction severity and usage habits were assessed, and their associations with viewing-related postural changes were evaluated. Vestibular-related postural stability decreased during Reels viewing. Higher Instagram addiction severity and longer daily Instagram use were associated with smaller reductions in vestibular-related postural stability between pre- and during-viewing conditions, a pattern compatible with partial habituation and/or compensatory postural control strategies. The purpose of Instagram use was not meaningfully associated with the magnitude of change. Passive short-video exposure can acutely compromise vestibular-related postural stability even during quiet standing, while habitual exposure appears to attenuate the immediate destabilizing effect. These findings extend smartphone-balance research toward a more ecologically relevant exposure model and provide a reference framework for future studies in clinically vulnerable populations, future studies in clinically vulnerable populations, such as individuals with vestibular disorders, neurological conditions, or balance impairments.Öğe An investigation of tinnitus, noise sensitivity and anxiety levels in liver transplantation patients in the early and late periods: A cross-sectional study(2023) Cengiz, Deniz; Kurtcu, Büşra; Korkmaz, Hanifi; Çolak, Sanem Can; Aslan, Mehmet; ÇİÇEK, MEHMET TURAN; Yilmaz, SezaiThis study aims to evaluate the perception of anxiety, tinnitus, and noise sensitivity in liver transplant patients according to early and late periods following transplantation. The study included 76 patients with liver transplantation. They were divided into two groups according to the duration of time after transplantation: early (1-3 years) and late (5 years or more). A demographic data form, the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Weinstein's Noise Sensitivity Scale (WNSS), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were administered and used for data collection. There was a statistically significant difference between the early and late-period groups in terms of WNSS and THI scores (p<0.05), whereas there was no statistically significant difference in BAI scores (p>0.05). Noise sensitivity and tinnitus perception of the late-period group were statistically higher than those of the early-period group (p<0.05). Correlations between BAI, WNSS, and THI scores of late-stage patients were significant (p<0.05). A multivariate regression model was performed with the WNSS and the THI as dependent variables. According to this analysis, the THI had a statistically significant positive effect on the BAI in the early period (p2=0.003) and WNSS had a statistically significant positive effect on the BAI score in the late period (p2=0.002). Both otologic and psychological effects are observed in patients with liver transplantation. The post-transplant period triggered otologic symptoms more. It is also noteworthy that psychological and otologic symptoms are in correlation. Psychological and otologic evaluations with a multidisciplinary approach should gain importance in the post-transplant period.Öğe Circadian rhythm disruption as a potential contributor to BPPV: Evidence from a young rat model vestibular effects of circadian disruption(Public Library Science, 2025) Otlu, Husniye Gul; Korkmaz, Hanifi; Bulut, Nilufer Diller; Gokturk, NurcanCircadian rhythm disturbances, increasingly common due to artificial lighting and modern lifestyle factors, may underlie vestibular dysfunction such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), even in younger populations. This study aimed to investigate the effects of circadian rhythm disruption on balance performance and vestibular biomarkers in a young rat model. Young male Wistar rats were exposed to constant light (CL) for 4 weeks to induce circadian disruption, while control rats were maintained under a standard 12:12-hour light-dark cycle. Following the exposure, serum and cochlear tissues were analyzed for otolin-1, vitamin D3, melatonin, and electrolytes (Ca-2 (+) , Na (+) , K (+) , Cl-). Balance was evaluated using the rotarod performance test. Constant light exposed rats showed significantly elevated otolin-1 levels in both serum and cochlear tissues, along with reduced melatonin levels and impaired rotarod performance. Vitamin D3 levels were lower in the CL group, while serum electrolytes remained unchanged. Circadian rhythm disruption may impair vestibular function in young rats via melatonin related pathways or otolin-1 modulation, independent of serum electrolytes. Our results imply that circadian rhythm disruption may contribute to BPPV through pathways unrelated to aging or bone metabolism.Öğe Evaluation of the Effects of Optokinetic Stimuli and Dual-Task Performance on Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Function in Children With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder(Wiley, 2024) Korkmaz, Hanifi; Aydin, Emine; Ocal, Fatma Ceyda Akin; Satar, BulentObjectivesThis study investigated the effects of optokinetic stimuli and dual-task performance on vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) function. The study primarily focused on understanding the effects of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its subtypes.Study DesignA case-control study.SettingTertiary medical centre.MethodsThirty-eight children diagnosed with ADHD and 40 typically developing (TD) children aged 8-18 were included in the study. According to their diagnostic reports, children diagnosed with ADHD were also examined in three subtypes: predominantly inattentive (ADHD-PI), predominantly hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-HI) and the combined type. Functional head impulse test (fHIT) was applied to all participants in three conditions-with no additional stimulus, optokinetic stimulation and dual-task. Correct responses (CR) were determined for each group, and the conditions were compared. For the dual-task test performance, children were given a counting task.ResultsThe findings of the study are significant. The CR values obtained from the fHIT tests applied under three different conditions were lower in the ADHD group compared to the control group. CR values for all fHIT conditions and all semicircular canals were lower in the ADHD-PI subtype and higher in the ADHD-HI subtype compared to other subgroups.ConclusionThis study has significant practical implications underscoring its relevance. fHIT, when applied with different protocols, can provide valuable information about the vestibular and cognitive states of children with ADHD. These results are particularly significant as the diagnosis of ADHD often relies on subjective interpretations, and fHIT offers a more objective and reliable method of evaluation.Öğe İŞİTME CİHAZI KULLANAN ÇOCUKLARIN AİLELERİNİN YAŞAM KALİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ(2022) Alıcıoğlu, Selahattin; doğan, murat; Korkmaz, Hanifi; KARABABA, ERCAN; kayapunar, şenol; Topkan, LeylaAmaç: Tek taraflı ve çift taraflı işitme cihazı kullanan çocuk hastaların ailelerinin yaşam kalitesini değerlendirmek\rGereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya işitme cihazı kullanan 121 çocuğun ebeveynleri dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara Mf07-01, Çalışması Yaşam Kalitesi (Sf36) Formu ve Beach Center Aile Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği (BCAYKÖ) uygulanmıştır.\rBulgular: Çalışmaya alınan katılımcıların 69’u kadın iken 52’si ise erkektir. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 37,54 ± 5,63 idi. 17 kişi ilkokul, 24 kişi ortaokul, 63 kişi lise, 17 kişi üniversite mezunu idi. Çalışmamızda katılımcılardan cihaz bakım ve ayarlamasında zorluk yaşayanların Yaşam Kalitesi ölçeği ve BCYKÖ alt boyutları olan duygusal yeterlilik, finansal / fiziksel / materyal yeterlilik değişkenlerinden aldıkları puanlar istatiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur (p<0,05).\rSonuç: Ailelerin ve çocukların cihaz bakım ve ayarlamasında zorluk yaşamaları ebeveynlerin finansal, fiziksel yeterliliklerini ve yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkilerken; çocuklara verilen özel eğitimin aile etkileşimini, kaynaştırma eğitiminin de yetersizliğe ilişkin desteği olumlu etkilediği gözlenmiştir.Öğe Psychological Comparison of Adults with Dizziness: Depression, Anxiety, and Somatization in Typical vs. Abnormal Vestibular Test Results(2025) Korkmaz, Hanifi; Kutluhan, Ahmet; mujdeci, banu; Karatas, ErkanIntroduction: The association between vestibular deficits and psychological symptoms remains controversial. Thus, this paper aims to report the psychological state of patients complaining of dizziness according to whether their symptoms are observed or not. Methods: Sixty patients with dizziness symptoms were included in the study. Videonystagmography, video head impulse test, and vestibulospinal tests were applied to all patients. 30 dizzy patients with positive findings were included in Group I, and 30 dizzy patients with typical results from all tests were included in Group II. All individuals were asked to fill out the Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, and Somatization subscale of the Symptom Checklist, and the findings were compared between the two groups. The relationship between BDI, BAI, and SOM results and vHIT and DHI scores in all individuals was examined. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding depression, anxiety, and somatization. The level of disability due to dizziness was significantly higher in group II compared to group I. A significant correlation was found between DHI scores and depression and anxiety scores in all patients. Similar psychogenic effects were observed between the groups. However, individuals with dizziness who had regular vestibular tests had a higher level of disability due to dizziness. Conclusion: Evaluation of psychogenic affect and disability due to dizziness by questionnaires in dizzy individuals with regular vestibular tests can be a guide in performing advanced vestibular examinations or directing the patient to a comprehensive psychological evaluation.Öğe Role of the functional head impulse test in evaluating vestibulo-ocular reflex abnormalities in individuals with Parkinson's disease(Wiley, 2023) Karababa, Ercan; Sonkaya, Ali Riza; Satar, Bulent; Korkmaz, HanifiPurposeTo assess vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR) function in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) using a new method called functional head impulse test (fHIT).Study DesignCase-control study.SettingTertiary medical center.ParticipantsTwenty individuals with PD were recruited for PD group, and twenty healthy individuals for the control group. Ages of both groups ranged from 47 to 76 years.Main Outcome MeasuresAccording to the modified Hoehn-Yahr score, PD group was classified as an early stage with a range of 1-2.5 and a mid-late stage with a range of 3-5. Percentage of correct answers (%CA) was calculated using fHIT for lateral, anterior and posterior semicircular canal (SCC) planes.ResultsPD group had statistically lower fHIT %CA in the right lateral, left lateral, and left posterior SCC planes compared to control group (p < .05). There was no statistical difference between two PD severity groups and functional VOR abnormality.ConclusionIt was concluded that the functional VOR in the right lateral and left lateral and left posterior SCC plane was affected in individuals with PD. Our results show that impaired VOR and reduced dynamic visual acuity should be considered in individuals with PD for vestibular rehabilitation exercises.Öğe The Effect of Different Auditory Stimuli and Optokinetic Stimuli on Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Function(Wiley, 2026) Korkmaz, Hanifi; Cicek, Ipek BalikciThis study investigated how auditory stimuli and optokinetic stimulation modulate functional Head Impulse Test (fHIT) correct response rate (CR%) across semicircular canals (SCCs) and the associated cognitive load in healthy adults. Fifty participants (20-57 years) completed repeated-measures fHIT under four conditions: silence, music, white noise, and optokinetic stimulation. The CR% from all SCCs were recorded and workload was assessed with the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). Optokinetic stimulation produced the most significant CR% decrement (e.g., right lateral 90 vs. 100 in silence; p<0.001) and the highest workload (median NASA-TLX = 50). Auditory conditions produced minimal CR% changes. Across conditions, lateral SCCs were less affected than vertical SCCs by sensory and cognitive interference. Visual-vestibular conflict markedly reduced CR%, whereas auditory effects appeared indirect and attention mediated. These findings provide normative benchmarks for multisensory fHIT assessment.Öğe Treatment-related modulation of visuo-vestibular integration in post-earthquake dizziness syndrome: a longitudinal virtual reality-based study(Springer Heidelberg, 2026) Korkmaz, Hanifi; Karaer, Isil Cakmak; Orman, Kubra; Talu, Burcu; Inceoglu, FeyzaBackgroundPost-earthquake dizziness syndrome (PEDS) is increasingly recognized as a condition marked by persistent dizziness and imbalance after major earthquakes, often without clear peripheral vestibular pathology. Despite proposed roles of visuo-vestibular dysfunction and sensory conflict, longitudinal objective evidence remains limited.ObjectiveTo examine the longitudinal effects of virtual reality-based vestibular rehabilitation (VR), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and their integration (VR + CBT) on objective visuo-vestibular processing and symptom burden in adults with PEDS.MethodsIn a four-arm longitudinal study, 48 earthquake-exposed adults with PEDS were evaluated at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up following an 8-week intervention. Objective visuo-vestibular outcomes were assessed using an immersive virtual reality-based system, including static and dynamic subjective visual vertical (SVV/DSVV), rod-and-frame test (RFT), and visual motion sensitivity (VMS) tests. Subjective outcomes included dizziness-related handicap (DHI) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PCL-5).ResultsDizziness-related disability and trauma-related symptoms improved over time across groups, indicating clinical modifiability of PEDS. Objective measures demonstrated a domain-specific response profile: SVV and DSVV remained largely stable, whereas RFT showed improvement in active treatment arms, suggesting reduced visual frame dependence. VMS outcomes exhibited differential trajectories, with the integrated VR + CBT group showing the most consistent and durable modulation under visually provocative conditions.ConclusionsRecovery in PEDS appears to involve selective modulation of context-dependent visuo-vestibular processing rather than uniform changes across all spatial orientation measures. Integrated VR + CBT yields the most coherent and durable benefits in visually demanding domains, supporting multidisciplinary models that jointly address sensory conflict and cognitive-emotional mechanisms after major earthquakes.Öğe Virtual reality-based assessment of visuo-vestibular integration in vestibular migraine and migraine: static and dynamic visual vertical and rod-and-frame tests(Frontiers Media Sa, 2026) Korkmaz, Hanifi; Ciplak, Sibel; Alkahtani, RaniaBackground: Vestibular migraine (VM) is the most common cause of episodic vertigo, yet its diagnostic markers remain limited. Perception of verticality, measured via static subjective visual vertical (SVV), dynamic SVV (DSVV), and the rod-and-frame test (RFT), provides insight into visuo-vestibular integration. Traditional approaches, however, often test these paradigms in isolation with limited ecological validity. Objective: To evaluate a novel virtual reality (VR)-based protocol combining SVV, DSVV, and RFT to characterize visuo-vestibular integration in VM, migraine without vestibular symptoms (M), and healthy controls (HC). Methods: Fifty participants (VM n = 15, M n = 15, HC n = 20) completed VR-based SVV, DSVV, and RFT assessments using the BalanceVR system. Disability was assessed using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS). Between-group differences were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests with Mann-Whitney U post-hoc comparisons. Correlations between orientation measures and questionnaires were assessed using Spearman's rho. Results: VM patients exhibited significantly greater SVV deviations than HC (p = 0.015). DSVV errors were elevated in VM vs. HC (p = 0.040). RFT showed robust group differences (p < 0.001), with the most significant visual dependence in VM. DHI and MIDAS scores were significantly higher in both patient groups than HC (p < 0.001). DSVV (rho approximate to 0.45) and RFT (rho approximate to 0.69) showed stronger correlations with disability than static SVV (rho approximate to 0.30). Conclusion: VM is characterized by difficulties in dynamic and visually complex situations, rather than static balance problems. Combining DSVV and RFT with SVV enhances diagnostic sensitivity, explains patients' daily challenges, and supports rehabilitation approaches aimed at reducing visual dependence and improving sensory balance.












