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    Is it possible to remove heavy metals from the body by wet cupping therapy (Al-hijamah)?
    (Natl Inst Science Communication-Niscair, 2016) Gok, Sumeyye; Kazanci, Fatmanur Hacievliyagil; Erdamar, Husamettin; Gokgoz, Nurcan; Hartiningsih, SitiSugih; Dane, Senol
    Wet cupping therapy (WCT) is a traditional blood-letting method recommended for treating a lot of diseases. Al-hijamah is WCT of prophetic medicine that's also called the triple S technique that includes skin suction, scarification and second suction. Its mechanism of action is still unknown but it is believed to remove toxic substances from the body according to the evidence-based Taibah mechanism (Taibah theory). In this study, the aim was to compare wet cupping blood and venous blood samples in terms of heavy metals concentrations. 24 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. After venous blood samples were drawn, WCT (Al-hijamah) was performed and wet cupping blood samples were taken. In order to measure the levels of heavy metals all samples were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). In the present study, all levels of selected heavy metals were significantly higher in wet cupping blood than venous blood. It may be possible to remove heavy metals from the body through wet cupping therapy.
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    Right-sided lateralization of skin temperature in healthy young persons
    (Canadian Soc Clinical Investigation, 2016) Demirel, Havva; Bahar, Arzu; Gokgoz, Nurcan; Arslan, Muzeyyen; Dane, Senol
    Purpose: Previous studies reported a peripheral immune asymmetry and lateralization of different paired organ cancers. Because of the close relationship of immune system with body temperature, the aim of the study was to test the possible lateralization of skin temperature. Materials and Methods: Four hundred sixty three healthy subjects (325 women, 138 men) with an average age of 23.62 years (SD = 8.65) participated in this study. All skin temperature measurements were done 8:00-9:00 a.m. Skin temperature was assessed for three different points in skin: axillary, thumb and external auditory. Results: Skin temperature was statistically significantly higher on the right side of the body than on the left side, when measured by axillary and thumb temperatures. But there was no statistically significant difference in external auditory temperature. Conclusion: The asymmetry of skin temperature may result from the peripheral immune asymmetry or the asymmetric lymph node distribution.
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    The effect of traditional wet cupping on shoulder pain and neck pain: A pilot study
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2016) Arslan, Muzeyyen; Gokgoz, Nurcan; Dane, Senol
    Objectives: Wet cupping therapy (WCT) is a traditional complementary method recommended to decrease the symptoms of a lot of diseases and used in the treatment of pain syndromes. In this pilot study, the possible effects of wet cupping therapy on nonspecific neck and upper shoulder pain were investigated. Methods: Sixty one eligible volunteer participants with nonspecific neck and upper shoulder pain for at least 3 months were allocated. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) was used to assess pain scores. Pain scores were recorded before and after wet cupping therapy. Results: The mean scores of neck pain in study group were 7.02 (SD = 1.8) before and 3.70 (SD = 2.2) after cupping therapy. The decrease of pain scores between pre- and post-test was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Discussion: It can be stated that WCT has potential therapeutic effect in nonspecific neck and upper shoulder pain. Future full-scale randomized controlled trials will be needed to provide firm evidence of the effectiveness of this intervention. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.