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Öğe Association of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B Gene Polymorphisms with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in a Turkish Population(Kure Iletisim Grubu A S, 2016) Aldemir, Secil; Acar, Muradiye; Ocak, Zeynep; Dalbudak, Ercan; Yigitoglu, Muhammet Ramazan; Gunduz, EsraObjective: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a frequent neuropsychiatric disorder, in which genetic factors play important causative roles. We investigated the roles of the (-1019 C/G) promoter region polymorphism of 5-HTR1A and the G861C coding region polymorphism of 5-HTR1B genes in susceptibility to OCD in a Turkish population. Methods: Two single nucleotide polymorphisms, 5-HTR1A (rs6296) and 5-HTR1B (rs6295) genes were genotyped in 76 OCD patients and 57 healthy controls that were unrelated, using PCR-RFLP method. Results: We did not observe any difference in the genotype distributions of rs6296 and rs6295 between the OCD patient and control groups. Conclusions: As far as we know, our study is the first to establish the association of genetic variants 5-HTR1A (rs6296) and 5-HTR1B (rs6295) with OCD in a Turkish population. Based on our results, the relationship between polymorphisms of 5-HTR1A (rs6296) and 5-HTR1B (rs6295) with OCD do not seem.Öğe Diffüz alopesili kadınlarda öfke, anksiyete ve depresyon(2015) ALDEMİR, Seçil; ERPOLAT, Seval; tan, seda; Dalbudak, Ercan; TOPCU, MERVEAmaç: Bu çalışmada diffüz alopesili hastalarda psikiyat- rik belirti sıklığının sağlıklı kontrollere göre daha fazlaolup olmadığının belirlenmesi ve bunların öfke düzeyle- riyle ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya dermatoloji polikliniğinde diffüzalopesi tanısı konulan 43 kadın hasta ile cinsiyet ve yaşaçısından uyumlu sağlıklı 52 gönüllü dâhil edildi. Derma- tolojik tanı olarak diffüz alopesi alt tiplerinden androgene- tik alopesi tanısı alan 19 (%20,0), diffüz alopesia areatatanısı alan 10 (%10,5), telogen effluvium tanısı alan 14(%14,7) kişi çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Hastalara ve kontrolgrubuna Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HAD)ve Sürekli Öfke ve Öfke Tarz Ölçeği (SÖÖTÖ) uygulandı.Standart hazırlanan Saç Dökülmesi Hasta Takip Formu - na hastaların kayıtları yapıldı. Bulgular: Alopesili hasta grubunda sağlıklı kontrolleregöre anksiyete (p<0.001) ve depresyon (p<0.001) pu- anları anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca sürekliöfke (? = 0,216, Wald Z = 3,697, Exp(B)= 1,241, p<0,05)ve anksiyete (? = -0.466, Wald Z = 5,008, Exp(B)= 0.628,p<0,05) puanlarının tanı grubunu anlamlı derecede ön- gördüğü ve ayırt edici olduğu belirlendi. Saç dökülme sü- resinin, anlamlı ölçüde depresyon (r= 0,402, p<0.01) veanksiyete (r=0,393, p<0.01) puanları ile pozitif korelas- yon gösterdiği bulundu. Dermatolojik tanılar birbirleriylekarşılaştırıldığında, sürekli öfke ve öfke dışa alt ölçekleriarasında anlamlı derecede farklılıklar saptandı.Sonuç: Alopesili hastalarda sağlıklı kontrollere göre ank- siyete ve depresif belirtilerin daha fazla olduğu tespit edil- miştir. Bu hastalara bu tür psikiyatrik rahatsızlıklar sıklıklaeşlik ettiği için psikiyatri kliniği ile işbirliği yapılması; hemtedavinin başarısını, hem de hastanın yaşam kalitesiniolumlu yönde etkileyecektir. Ayrıca bu hastalarda öfke veöfke ifade tarzı üzerinde de dikkatle durulmalıdır. Bu iliş- kinin farkında olmak diffüz alopesi hastalarının tedavisinekatkı sağlayacaktır.Öğe HIGH RISK OF INTERNET ADDICTION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH LIFETIME SUBSTANCE USE, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS AMONG 10th GRADE ADOLESCENTS(Medicinska Naklada, 2014) Evren, Cuneyt; Dalbudak, Ercan; Evren, Bilge; Demirci, Arzu CiftciBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of higher risk of Internet addiction (HRIA) with lifetime substance use, psychological and behavioral factors among Turkish 10th grade students. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional online self-report survey conducted in 45 schools from the 15 districts in Istanbul, Turkey. A representative sample of 4957 10th grade students was studied between October 2012 and December 2012. Other than sociodemographic variables the survey included the Addiction Profile Index Internet Addiction Form-Screening Version (BAPINTSV) and the Psychological Screening Test for Adolescents (PSTA). Results: The participants were classified into two groups as those with HRIA (15.96%) and those with lower risk of Internet addiction. The rate of HRIA was higher in the males. The findings indicated that HRIA is related with negative consequences in school, lifetime use of tobacco, alcohol and/or drug, suicidal thoughts, self-harming and delinquent behaviors. Conclusions: Male gender, lifetime use of tobacco, alcohol and/or drug, depression, attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms and lack of assertiveness predicted the HRIA in Turkish 10th grade students. Being aware of those with HRIA is important in prevention and management of Internet addiction as well as other important problems among students, such as substance use.Öğe High risk of internet addiction and its relationship with lifetime substance use, psychological and behavioral problems among 10th grade adolescents(Medicinska Naklada Zagreb, 2014) Evren, Cüneyt; Dalbudak, Ercan; Evren, Bilge; Demİrcİ, Arzu ÇİftçİBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of higher risk of Internet addiction (HRIA) with lifetime substance use, psychological and behavioral factors among Turkish 10th grade students. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional online self-report survey conducted in 45 schools from the 15 districts in Istanbul, Turkey. A representative sample of 4957 10th grade students was studied between October 2012 and December 2012. Other than sociodemographic variables the survey included the Addiction Profile Index Internet Addiction Form-Screening Version (BAPINTSV) and the Psychological Screening Test for Adolescents (PSTA). Results: The participants were classified into two groups as those with HRIA (15.96%) and those with lower risk of Internet addiction. The rate of HRIA was higher in the males. The findings indicated that HRIA is related with negative consequences in school, lifetime use of tobacco, alcohol and/or drug, suicidal thoughts, self-harming and delinquent behaviors. Conclusions: Male gender, lifetime use of tobacco, alcohol and/or drug, depression, attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms and lack of assertiveness predicted the HRIA in Turkish 10th grade students. Being aware of those with HRIA is important in prevention and management of Internet addiction as well as other important problems among students, such as substance use. © 2022 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Öğe İnfertil çiftlerde cinsiyete göre algılanan sosyal destekle anksiyete ve depresif belirtilerin ilişkisi(2015) ALDEMİR, Seçil; ESER, Ayla; Turhan, Nilgün Öztürk; Dalbudak, Ercan; TOPCU, MERVEAmaç: İnfertil çiftlerin emosyonel semptom ve algıladıkları sosyal desteklerin cinsiyet farkına göre değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.Yöntem: DSM-IV'e göre psikiyatrik birinci eksen bozukluğu olmayan ve birincil infertil 66 çifte Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HAD) ile Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) uygulandı.Bulgular: Ölçeklerin puan ortalamalarına göre örneklemin depresif semptom şiddeti klinik depresyona işaret etmeyecek düzeyde, kaygıları normal sınırlarda saptandı. Katılımcılar cinsiyete göre karşılaştırıldığında anksiyete bakımından kadın katılımcıların, erkeklere göre daha kaygılı oldukları gözlemlendi. Çiftlerin algıladığı sosyal destek arttıkça anksiyete ve depresif belirtilerin azaldığı gözlemlendi. Algılanan sosyal destek bakımından ise her iki cinsiyetten kaynaklanan infertilite grubunun özel destek, arkadaş desteği ve toplam sosyal destek puanlarının kadından kaynaklanan infertilite grubundan daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Erkekten kaynaklanan infertilite grubunun algıladığı özel desteğin ise kadın kaynaklı infertilite grubundan daha fazla olduğu saptandı.Sonuç: İnfertil çiftlerde erkeklerin kadınlara göre sosyal desteğinin, kadınların ise emosyonel zorlanmasının daha fazla olduğu, bunun yanında çiftlerin algıladığı yeterli sosyal desteğin emosyonel semptomları azalttığı anlaşıldıÖğe Psychological Symptoms Related with Violence and Its Relationship with Internalizing and Externalizing Problems Among 10th Grade Students(2015) Evren, Cuneyt; Dalbudak, Ercan; Evren, Bilge; bozkurt, muge; DEMİRCİ, Arzu Ciftci; CAN, FATMA YEŞİMİstanbul'da 10. sınıf öğrencileri arasında şiddet ile ilgili psikolojik belirtiler ve şiddetin içselleştirme ve yansıtma sorunları ile ilişkisiAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı İstanbul'da 10. sınıf öğrencileri arasında cinsiyet, kendine karşı yıkıcı davranış (kendine zarar verme davranışları [KZVD] ve suisid düşüncesi / girişimi [SD/G]) ve yaşam boyu madde kullanımının (sigara, alkol ve herhangi bir madde), herhangi bir şiddet, ciddi saldırı ve dövme olayına maruz kalma ya da tanık olma sonrası gelişen depresyon, anksiyete, öfke ve dürtüsellik gibi psikolojik değişkenlerin ilişkisini değerlendirmekti. Yöntem: Çalışma, çevrimiçi sistemle İstanbul'un 15 ilçesinden 45 okulda çok aşamalı örnekleme göre seçilen 4957 onuncu sınıf öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirildi.Bulgular: Bir yaşıtından saldırı riski altında olma, geçen yıl içinde fiziksel kavga, bıçak taşıma, disiplin cezası ve yasalarla sorun yaşama, psikolojik belirtiler olan grupta (GPS) daha yüksek bulundu. GPS'yi öngörenler KZVD ve SD/G ile birlikte, yaşam boyu tütün ve herhangi bir madde kullanımı, erkek cinsiyet, depresyon ve anksiyete idi.Sonuç: Bulgular tek ve basit bir soru ile, GPS için yüksek risk grubunun belirlenebileceğini, izlenebileceğini ve mağduriyetin sonuçları olsun ya da olmasın hem içselleştirme sorunlarına hem de davranışları yansıtmaya ilişkin uygun bir yardım önerilebileceğini düşündürmektedirÖğe Psychological symptoms related with violence and its relationship with internalizing and externalizing problems among 10th grade students in Istanbul(Yerkure Tanitim ve Yayincilik, 2015) Evren, Cüneyt; Dalbudak, Ercan; Evren, Bilge; Bozkurt, Müge; Demİrcİ, Arzu Çİftçİ; Umut, Gökhan; Can, YeşimObjective: Aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of gender, self-destructive behavior (selfharming behaviors - [SHB] and suicidal ideation/attempts - [SI/A]), lifetime substance use (tobacco, alcohol and any drug) and psychological variables (depression, anxiety, anger and impulsivity) with having psychological symptoms after experiencing or witnessing any violence, serious assault or battery event among 10th grade students in Istanbul/Turkey. Methods: Online self-report survey was conducted based on 4957 10th grade students selected according to multi-stage sampling in 45 schools from 15 districts of Istanbul. Results: Risks of assault from a peer, physical fight within last year, bearing arms, disciplinary punishment and problems with the law were higher in the group with psychological symptoms (GPS). Together with SHB and SI/A, lifetime tobacco and any drug use, male gender, depression, anxiety, and anger predicted the GPS. Conclusion: The findings suggest that with a single and simple question, high risk group of GPS can be determined, followed and offered proper help for both internalizing problems and externalizing behaviors, whether or not they are consequences of the victimization. © 2022 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Öğe Relation of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms with Perceived Social Support According to Gender within Infertile Couples(Yerkure Tanitim & Yayincilik Hizmetleri A S, 2015) Aldemir, Secil; Eser, Ayla; Turhan, Nilgun Ozturk; Dalbudak, Ercan; Topcu, MerveRelation of anxiety and depressive symptoms with perceived social support according to gender within infertile couples Objective: Evaluation of infertile couples' emotional symptoms and perceived social supports according to gender differences. Method: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ( HADS) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were administered to 66 primarily infertile couples that did not have psychiatric Axis-I disorders according to DSM-IV. Results: According to the scale's average points, the samples' depressive symptom levels did not indicate clinical depression; rather, anxiety levels were in normal ranges. Comparing participants' anxiety according to gender, female participants were more anxious than male participants. Couples reported less anxiety and depression as long as they perceived higher social support. It was found that the combined infertility group, in which both women and men have problems to conceive, had more perceived social support from significant other and friends than in the female-originated infertility group. Also, results revealed that the male-originated infertility group reported more perceived social support from significant other compared to the female-originated infertility group. Conclusion: Social support and emotional stress of females in infertile couples are more than males', and perceived sufficient social support decreases couples' emotional symptoms.Öğe Relationship of Internet addiction with impulsivity and severity of psychopathology among Turkish university students(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2013) Dalbudak, Ercan; Evren, Cuneyt; Topcu, Merve; Aldemir, Secil; Coskun, Kerem Senol; Bozkurt, Muge; Evren, BilgeThe previous studies have found a relationship between IA and both impulsivity and psychopathology when they were considered separately. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of Internet addiction (IA) with impulsivity and severity of psychopathology among Turkish university students. We also wanted to control the effect of impulsivity dimensions on the relationship between IA and psychopathology. A total of 319 university students from two universities in Ankara participated to the study. Students were assessed through the Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), the Symptom Checklist-Revised (SCL-90-R) and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11). Correlational analyses revealed that severity of IA was related to both SCL-90-R and BIS-11 scores. Among SCL-90-R subscales, severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) was the only predictor for IAS score. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that interpersonal sensitivity, additional to attentional and motor impulsiveness, was the predictor of IAS score. Although severity of IA is associated with wide range of psychopathology, particularly OCS, interpersonal sensitivity seems to be the main dimension that predict severity of IAS additional to impulsiveness (attentional and motor). Impulsivity seems to be an important construct when considering IA and its treatment among Turkish university students. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The impact of childhood traumas, depressive and anxiety symptoms on the relationship between borderline personality features and symptoms of adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Turkish university students(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Dalbudak, Ercan; Evren, CuneytBackground: Previous studies reported that there is a significant association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood and borderline personality disorder (BPD) in adulthood. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of borderline personality features (BPF) and ADHD symptoms while controlling the effect of childhood traumas, symptoms of depression and anxiety in adulthood on this relationship in Turkish university students. Methods: A total of 271 Turkish university students participated in this study. The students were assessed through the Turkish version of the Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI), the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: Correlation analyses have revealed that severity of BPF is related with adult ADHD symptoms, emotional, physical abuse and depression scores. Hierarchical regression analysis has indicated that depressive symptoms, emotional and physical abuse and the severity of ADHD symptoms are the predictors for severity of BPF. Conclusions: Findings of the present study suggests that clinicians must carefully evaluate these variables and the relationship between them to understand BPF and ADHD symptoms in university students better. Together with depressive symptoms, emotional and physical abuse may play a mediator role on this relationship. Further studies are needed to evaluate causal relationship between these variables in both clinical and non-clinical populations.Öğe The impact of sensation seeking on the relationship between attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and severity of Internet addiction risk(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2015) Dalbudak, Ercan; Evren, Cuneyt; Aldemir, Secil; Taymur, Ibrahim; Evren, Bilge; Topcu, MerveThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms (ADHS) with severity of Internet addiction risk (SIAR), while controlling the effects of variables such as depression, anxiety, anger, sensation seeking and lack of assertiveness among university students. Cross-sectional online self-report survey was conducted in two universities among a representative sample of 582 Turkish university students. The students were assessed through the Addiction Profile Index Internet Addiction Form Screening Version (BAPINT-SV), the Psychological Screening Test for Adolescents (PSTA) and the Adult Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Self-Report Scale (ASRS). The participants were classified into the two groups as those with high risk of Internet addiction (HRIA) (11%) and those with low risk of Internet addiction (IA) (89%). The mean age was lower in the group with HRIA, whereas depression, anxiety, sensation seeking, anger, lack of assertiveness and ADHS scores were higher in this group. Lastly, a hierarchical regression analysis suggested that severity of sensation seeking and ADHS, particularly attention deficiency, predicted SIAR. The severity of sensation seeking and ADHS, particularly attention deficit symptoms, are important for SIAR. Awareness of sensation seeking among those with high ADHS may be important in prevention and management of IA among university students. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.Öğe The relationship of Internet addiction severity with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms in Turkish University students; impact of personality traits, depression and anxiety(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2014) Dalbudak, Ercan; Evren, CuneytAim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of Internet addiction (IA) with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADIAD) symptoms while controlling the effect of personality traits, depression and anxiety symptoms in Turkish university students. Methods: A total of 271 university students participated in the present study. The students were assessed through the Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), the Wender Utah Rating Short Scale (WURS-25), the Turkish version of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised Abbreviated Form (EPQR-A), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: According to IAS, participants were separated into three groups, namely, moderate/high, mild and without IA groups. The rates of groups were 19.9% (n = 54), 38.7% (n = 105) and 41.3% (n = 112), respectively. Correlation analyses revealed that the severity of IAS is positively correlated with WURS-25, ASRS (total, inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity subscales), neuroticism personality trait, depression and anxiety scores, whereas it is negatively correlated with extraversion personality trait. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that depression and anxiety symptoms, introversion and neuroticism personality traits and the severity of ADHD symptoms (particularly hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms) are the predictors for IAS score, respectively. Conclusions: The severity of ADHD symptoms has predicted the severity of IA even after controlling the effect of personality traits, depression and anxiety symptoms among Turkish university students. University students with severe ADHD symptoms, particularly hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms may be considered as a risk group for IA. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe THE RELATIONSHIP OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER WITH CHILDHOOD TRAUMAS, PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS, DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH DIAGNOSIS OF MIXED ANXIETY-DEPRESSION DISORDER(Medicinska Naklada, 2018) Ozen, Secil; Dalbudak, Ercan; Topcu, MerveBackground: The purpose of the current study is to investigate the relationship of symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) to childhood trauma and personality characteristics among patients with the diagnosis of mixed anxiety-depression disorder. Subjects and methods: A total of 130 patients who were admitted to the psychiatry outpatient and were diagnosed with mixed anxiety-depression disorder were conveniently sampled in the current study. In order for the researchers to complete the assessment, the patients with a history of at least one traumatic experience (40.8%, n=53) were asked to complete a socio-demographic form, the Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version, and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised/Abbreviated Form. Results: One hundred thirty patients participated in the current study. In the study, 40.8 % of the patients (n=53) reported that they had been exposed to at least one traumatic event during their lifetime. Patients with a history of at least one traumatic experience (40.8%, n=53) were separated into two groups: those with a diagnosis of PTSD (n=21) (39.6%) and those without PTSD (n=32) (60.4%) (cut off score is 50 and above). The mean comparisons concluded that the group with PTSD and the group without PTSD were significantly different from each other in terms of depression and anxiety symptom severity, neuroticism, and history of physical abuse and neglect. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that PTSD severity was significantly and positively correlated with neuroticism, and with depression and anxiety symptom severity, as the scores were significantly and negatively correlated with extraversion. The two-step logistic analysis first revealed the severity of the depression symptom, and secondly, physical abuse significantly predicted PTSD in the PTSD group. Conclusions: In patients with anxiety and/or depressive disorder, PTSD is one of the most frequently-observed comorbid psychiatric disorders. The current study revealed that a history of childhood trauma, neuroticism, and introversion can be considered risk factors for PTSD among patients with mixed anxiety-depression disorder in adulthood. Therefore, it should be taken into consideration that those neurotic and introverted patients with childhood trauma history could be more at risk for PTSD.Öğe The severity of attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and its relationship with lifetime substance use and psychological variables among 10th grade students in Istanbul(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2014) Evren, Cuneyt; Dalbudak, Ercan; Evren, Bilge; Can, Yesim; Umut, GokhanAim: The aim of this study was to determine the severity of attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms (ADHS) and related psychological and behavioral variables among 10th grade students in Istanbul/Turkey. Methods: Cross-sectional online self-report survey conducted in 45 schools in 15 districts Istanbul. The questionnaire included sections about demographic data and use of substances including tobacco, alcohol and drugs. Also ADHS, depression, anxiety, anger and sensation seeking subscales of Psychological Screening Test for Adolescents (PSTA) were used. The analyses were conducted based on the 4938 subjects. Results: Mean ADHS score was higher in females and among those with a lifetime use of tobacco, alcohol and drug, and having self-harming behavior and suicidal thoughts. ADHS score was correlated with depression, anxiety, anger and sensation seeking scores. In univariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA); depression, anxiety, anger, sensation seeking, lifetime alcohol use and suicidal thoughts predicted the severity of ADHS. Conclusions: The findings suggest that, since ADHS is associated with depression, anxiety, anger, sensation seeking, lifetime alcohol use and suicidal thoughts among 10th grade students, clinicians should screen suicidality and comorbid psychiatric symptoms routinely in adolescents with ADHS. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe The severity of Internet addiction risk and its relationship with the severity of borderline personality features, childhood traumas, dissociative experiences, depression and anxiety symptoms among Turkish University Students(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2014) Dalbudak, Ercan; Evren, Cuneyt; Aldemir, Secil; Evren, BilgeThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of Internet addiction (IA) risk with the severity of borderline personality features, childhood traumas, dissociative experiences, depression and anxiety symptoms among Turkish university students. A total of 271 Turkish university students participated in this study. The students were assessed through the Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), the Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI), the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The rates of students were 19.9% (n=54) in the high IA risk group, 38.7% (n=105) in the mild IA risk group and 413% (n=112) in the group without IA risk Correlation analyses revealed that the severity of IA risk was related with BPI, DES, emotional abuse, CTQ-28, depression and anxiety scores. Univariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA) indicated that the severity of borderline personality features, emotional abuse, depression and anxiety symptoms were the predictors of IAS score, while gender had no effect on IAS score. Among childhood trauma types, emotional abuse seems to be the main predictor of IA risk severity. Borderline personality features predicted the severity of IA risk together with emotional abuse, depression and anxiety symptoms among Turkish university students. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
