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    Estimation of Spatial Distribution of Disturbances
    (Springer, 2015) Bulut, Yalcin; Usluogullari, Omer F.; Temugan, Ahmet
    The information of spatial distribution of unmeasured disturbances is utilized in controller and observer design. In reality, due to the complexity in the systems, this information is seldom known a priori. Our focus in this study is to estimate the spatial distribution of disturbances from available measurements using a correlations approach that is developed in Kalman filter theory. In this approach one begins by guessing a filter gain and then the approach calculates the disturbance covariance matrices from analysis of the resulting innovations. This paper reviews the innovations correlations approach and examines its merit to localize the disturbances.
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    Evaluation of Seismic Performance of an Excavation Support System
    (Springer, 2015) Usluogullari, Omer F.; Bulut, Yalcin; Temugan, Ahmet
    In this study a braced excavation support system of a subway station is evaluated under two cases: (1) Lateral soil pressure caused by excavation and overburden load (2) Seismic load. The substructure is instrumented and the lateral deformations and settlements are observed during excavation and construction of substructure. A three dimensional finite element model of the substructure is developed and verified using field observations. The structural model is used to calculate the seismic response of the substructure. A bracing system which consists of secant piles and tie-back anchors is introduced to the substructure and seismic performance is examined. Results of three dimensional finite element analysis showed that predicted lateral deformations and vertical movements have similar patterns with measured results and these movements is almost three times under seismic load comparing to static case.