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    Antioxidant, AChE inhibitory, and anticancer effects of Verbascum thapsus extract
    (C M B Assoc, 2023) Zhang, Na; Baran, Ayse; Valioglu, Ferzane; Teng, Lei; Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Keskin, Cumali; Beilerli, Aferin
    Verbascum thapsus (Mullein) is a medicinal plant used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. For this study, the biological functions of Verbascum thapsus (VT) methanol extract were determined in vitro. The plant's methanol extract was created through the maceration process. The phytochemical composition of plant extracts was investigated using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The antioxidant capacity of the extract was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH radical) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS radical). Cell lines Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells), LNCaP (Lymph Node Carcinoma of Prostate), and HEK293 (Human embryonic kidney 293 cells) were used to model colon, prostate, and non-cancerous cells. The cytotoxic activity of the plant extract on the proliferation of these cells was determined by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole) assay protocol. VT extract showed moderate DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities at 30 mg/ml concentration. With this, VT extract was determined to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme and had strong cytotoxic activity on cancerous cell lines. In addition, our findings clearly showed that the plant extract had greater cytotoxic activity on the viability of cancerous cells compared to non-cancerous (Human embryonic kidney cells; HEK293) cells. The current findings showed that V. thapsus might be a promising anti-cancer medication candidate for the treatment of human colorectal adenocarcinoma and colon cancer, as well as a good source antioxidans. Copyright: (c) 2023 by the C.M.B. Association. All rights reserved.
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    Deciphering the effect of Potentilla fulgens root extract against healthy HUVEC cell line and cancer cell lines (A549 and SKOV-3)
    (Elsevier, 2024) Ipek, Polat; Baran, Ayse; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Eftekhari, Aziz; Khusro, Ameer; Ommati, Mohammad Mehdi; Almutairi, Saeedah Musaed
    Background: Potentilla fulgens, , a highly valued indigenous medicinal herb grown in high altitudes of the Himalayan region with anticancer, hypoglycaemic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiulcerogenic properties, are used in traditional systems of medicine. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of P. fulgens root extract, as one of the natural alternatives to chemotherapeutic drugs used in cancer treatment, on proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy of human non-small cell lung cancer cell line (A549), human ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-3), and healthy human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (HUVEC). Methods: Anti-proliferative effect was assessed by MTT assay. The expression of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins was evaluated by western blotting. Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) test were determined using standard kit methods. Results: Our results showed that the extract inhibited proliferation of HUVEC, A549, and SKOV-3 cells in a dose- dependent manner. MTT assay analysis revealed that the extract significantly (P<0.05) P <0.05) induced mortality in HUVEC, A549, and SKOV-3 cells. Western blot results revealed increased expression of NF-kappa B after the extract treatment but led to the down-regulation in Beclin-1, Bax, extracellular-signal-related kinase 1 and 2, Sequestosome-1, and cleaved Casp-3 levels. Treatment groups showed an increase in TOS and TAC values in A549 and SKOV-3 cell lines, while HUVEC cell line showed an increase in TAC and a decrease in TOS values, compared to the control group. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that P. fulgens root extract inhibited the proliferation of healthy cells and cancer cells through cell cycle arrest, representing its limited application as therapeutic agent in cancer treatment.
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    Determination of chemical components of the endemic species Allium turcicum L. plant extract by LC-MS/MS and evaluation of medicinal potentials
    (Cell Press, 2024) Ipek, Polat; Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Baran, Ayse; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Ommati, Mohammad Mehdi; Karadag, Musa; Khalilov, Rovshan
    The Allium turcicum L. (Zuzubak) plant as a cultivated vegetable have various health benefits and consumed as a food. Due to the shortcoming evidence in literature and the importance of this plant in folk medicine, in the present study, for the first time, we evaluated the bioactive profile of components (using LC-MS/MS), cytotoxicity, anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial prospectives of Zuzubak methanol extract. Reported results show that the extract is rich in bioactive compounds and has anticancer activity with breast cancer cells (MCF-7), human prostate cancer cells (DU -145), and Human osteosarcoma cancer Cell lines of (IC50) in dose dependent manner in the concentration range of 31.25 mu g/mL and 2000 mu g/mL for 24 and 48 h. Western blotting results determined that the extract significantly suppressed the growth of U2OS, MCF-7, and DU -145 cancer cells by down expression of Ang-1 (angiogenic protein) and Beclin-1 (autophagy protein) and overexpression of Bax (a proapoptotic protein). The oxidative stress indices showed a reduction in RPE-1 and MCF-7 cells and an upsurge in U2OS and DU -145 cells. Additionally, the antimicrobial assay showed suppression of the growth of various pathogenic microorganisms in 4.00 - 8.00 mu g/concentrations of Zuzubak extract using the microdilution method. The phytochemicals identified showed promising anticancer, antioxidant effects, and antimicrobial properties, representing a valuable herbal source for drug development studies.
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    Determination of chemical composition and antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibition activities of Rumex acetosella L. plant extract
    (Springer Int Publ Ag, 2024) Kandemir, Sevgi Irtegun; Aktepe, Necmettin; Baran, Ayse; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Keskin, Cumali; Khalilov, Rovshan
    Purpose The phenolic composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial activity, enzyme inhibition activity, and cytotoxic activity potentials of the plant Rumex acetosella L. (R. acetosella) were examined in this study. Materials and Methods: The chemical composition of R. acetosella methanol extract was identified by the LC-MS/MS method. The antioxidant activity was tested using beta-carotene/linoleic acid, DPPH free radical scavenging, ABTS cation radical scavenging, CUPRAC reducing power, and metal chelating activity methods. The cytotoxic activity was determined by the MTT assay using human ovarian adenocarcinoma (Skov-3), glioblastoma (U87), human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), and human colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2) cell lines. The antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts was tested on gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeuriginosa) and gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) using the in vitro minimum inhibition concentration method (MIC). Enzyme inhibition activity of R. acetosella methanol extract was measured spectrophotometrically against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes. Results: The findings showed that the major components of the methanol extract content were luteolin-7-O-glucoside (1.599 m/L), polydatin (91,024 m/L), and shikimic acid (0.773 m/L). It was determined that the extract and standard antioxidant (a-tocopherol) results in DPPH center dot, and ABTS center dot + tests performed to determine the antioxidant activity were close to each other, and this value was more effective than the standard antioxidant (alpha-tocopherol) in the CUPRAC test. These results suggested that the plant's antioxidant potential was higher when compared with reference antioxidant compounds. It was determined that the methanol extract of R. acetosella had a weaker effect on the growth of the tested microorganisms than the antibiotics used as standard. The activity of the GST and AChE enzymes was found to be severely inhibited by the methanol extract of R. acetosella. Conclusion: Based on these findings, R. acetosella L. is a medicinal and commercially beneficial plant that warrants further investigation.
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    Ecofriendly synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using agricultural Citrus fortunella waste and decolourization of crystal violet from aqueous solution
    (Wiley, 2024) Solmaz, Alper; Turna, Talip; Baran, Ayse
    In this study, the reuse of Citrus fortunella (CF) plant waste, an agricultural product, was evaluated within the scope of sustainability. In this context, selenium nanoparticles (CF-Se NPs) were synthesized from CF waste extracts and crystal violet (CV) dye was removed. The characteristic structure of the synthesized CF-Se NPs was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis spectroscopy, and point of zero charge (pH(pzc)). Batch adsorption tests were applied to determine the effect of the synthesized CF-Se NPs on CV removal. Four different kinetic and isotherm models were examined using error analysis functions. While the particle size of CF-Se NPs was determined as 27.58 nm, the pH(pzc) value was calculated as 9.40, the average surface charge distribution was -24.1 mV, and mass losses were 9.03% and 13.42% at 334.99 and 739.21(degrees)C, respectively. The most suitable kinetic and isotherm model for CV removal with CF-Se NPs was determined to be pseudo-second-order with a R-2-value of 0.999 and Freundlich with R-2-value of 0.993, and the q(max )was calculated as 23.55 mgCV/gCF-SeNPs. The effectiveness of CF-Se NPs synthesized from waste in CV removal is a remarkable issue in terms of sustainable production.
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    Removal of paracetamol from aqueous solution with zinc oxide nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis from purple basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) waste
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Solmaz, Alper; Turna, Talip; Baran, Ayse
    In this study, environmentally friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles (OB-ZnO NPs) were synthesized using Ocimum basilicum (OB) plant waste extract, and the removal of paracetamol (PCM) from pharmaceutical wastes with toxic effects on the ecosystem was investigated. The characteristic structure of synthesized OB-ZnO NPs was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Zetasizer, thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), and UV-vis spectroscopy. The effect of the obtained OB-ZnO NPs on PCM removal was determined by batch adsorption tests. In the study in which 6 different kinetic and isotherm models were examined, error analysis functions were used to determine the most suitable model. Accordingly, the crystal structure of biosynthesized OB-ZnO NPs has a particle size of 30.39 nm, a surface area of 13.826 m(2)/g, and a pore volume of 0.0475 cm(3)/g. Since OB-ZnO NPs have a zeta potential of - 22.1 mV and a mass loss of 33% at about 750 C-o, these NPs show that they are durable at high temperatures. When the PCM removal mechanisms with OB-ZnO NPs were examined, it was determined that the most suitable kinetic and isotherm model was the Elovich model with an R-2 value of 0.989 and the Redlich-Peterson model with an R-2 value of 0.999. In the study, which reached 23 mgPCM/gOB-ZnO NP removal efficiency, it was revealed that OB-ZnO NPs obtained from waste plants have the potential to be used in the removal of pharmaceutical wastes.