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    Is Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy Effective in Detecting Malignancy in Giant Thyroid Nodules?
    (2023) #DEĞER!
    Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy (TFNAB)) is the most important diagnostic method to determine malignancy in thyroid nodules. However, it is effectiveness in diagnosing malignancy in large thyroid nodul es (greater than 4 cm) is controversial. In this study, we compared the postoperative histopathological results of 147 patients who had thyroid nodules greater than 4 cm and underwent surgery with preoperative ultrasonography and FNAB findings. In our stud y, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of FNAB in giant thyroid nodules. 147 patients who were operated in our general surgery clinic for a thyroid nodule with a diameter of 4 cm and above we included in the study. The patient’s data gender, age, preoperativ e laboratory findings, thyroid imaging results, FNAB reports and postoperative histopathology results were evaluated. Of 147 patients, 116 were female and 31 were male. The mean age of patients was 48.14 years. Thyroid ultrasonography revealed isoechoic heterogeneous in 95 patients, hypoechoic in 32 patient and hyperechoic heterogeneous in 20 patients. Microcalcification was detected in 44 patients, microcalcification in 32 patients, and peripheral calcification in 18 patient s. Biopsy results were reported as benign in 99 patients, aspiration of uncertain significance in 19 patients, follicular -nodular hyperplasia in 4 patients, suspected malignancy in 9 patients, and malignancy in 4 patients. The results of 110 patients were reported as benign in the postoperative histopathological examination. Papillary carcinoma was detected in 34 patients, follicular carcinoma in 2 patients, lymphoma in one patient, Hashimoto's thyroiditis in 5 patients, and Graves' disease in 5 patients. Postoperative histopathology results of 4 patients whose FNAB results were reported as malignant were also malignant (100%). The preoperative FNAB could not detect the malignancy in 33 patients whose postoperative histopathology results were malign. The most significant parameters in detecting malignancy with ultrasonography were evaluated as increased vascularity, wall irregularity and hypoechoic heterogeneity, respectively. Ultrasonography was found to be more significant than FNAB for the detection of malignancy in giant thyroid nodules in our study.